6种不同土地利用方式下步甲分布与环境的相关分析  

A canonical correspondence analysis of the relationship between ground beetle distribution and environmental factors in six land use types

作　　者：王辉[1] 王新谱[1] 王建芳[2] WANG Hui;WANG Xinpu;WANG Jianfang(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;School of Life Sciences,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]河北大学生命科学学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《草业科学》2018年第11期2728-2737,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)资助项目(NXYLXK2017A01)

摘　　要：针对不同土地利用方式下步甲分布特征与环境的关系,于2015年5月至10月采用巴氏罐诱法对河北坝上地区农牧交错带6种土地利用方式30个样方中的步甲分布进行监测,并利用典范对应分析(CCA)探讨了步甲分布与环境的相互关系。结果表明,共捕获步甲10属18种10 804号,不同土地利用方式下步甲分布的种群数量存在差异,苜蓿(Medicago sativa)地与马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)地的步甲密度与物种数均高于其他样地,重度放牧草地最低。影响步甲分布的主要环境因子为植株高度、地下5cm土壤温度和地表土壤含水量,其次为地表土壤温度、地下5cm土壤含水量和植物物种数。不同物种的步甲偏好不同的环境因子,且最适偏好程度不同,齿星步甲(Calosoma denticolle)、谷婪步甲(Harpalus calceatus)、巨胸婪步甲(Harpalus macronotus)偏好聚集在土壤湿度大的生境,最适湿度值大小为齿星步甲>谷婪步甲>巨胸婪步甲。研究结果明确了不同土地利用方式下步甲的分布差异及对环境因子的响应,为坝上地区环境监测及生物多样性保护提供科学依据。Based on pitfall trap surveys from areas with 6 different land use types in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in the Bashang region in Hebei Province,carabid beetles were monitored from May to October,2015,to study the relationship between their distribution characteristics and environmental factors.The relationship between the distribution of carabid beetle species and environmental factors was analyzed with canonical correspondence analysis(CCA).The results showed that a total of 10804 carabid beetles,representing 18 species and 10 genera,were collected.There were significant differences among the carabid beetle populations in areas with different land uses.The activity density and species richness of carabid beetles were higher in alfalfa fields and potato fields than in other plots.Plant height,underground(5 cm)soil temperature,and surface soil moisture were the main environmental factors that affected the distribution of carabid beetles,and the surface soil temperature,underground soil moisture,and plant species number were secondary environmental factors.Different species of carabid beetle prefer different environmental factors,and their optimal degree of preference also differ.Calosoma denticolle,Harpalus calceatus,and Harpalus macronotus like to gather in habitats with high soil moisture.The optimum humidity values were in the order of Calosoma denticolle>Harpalus calceatus>Harpalus macronotus.The results showed that the distributions of carabid beetles and their responses to environmental factors varied with land use type,and provide a scientific basis for environmental monitoring and biodiversity conservation in the Bashang region.

关 键 词：步甲 环境因子 土地利用方式 农牧交错带 典范对应分析 

分 类 号：S433.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]