跨部门合作法律机制在国家管辖范围外海洋保护区建立管理中的作用——兼谈对“海上丝绸之路”倡议的启示  

The role of the legal mechanism of cross-sectoral cooperation in the establishment and management of ABNJ MPAs:Enlightenment to the Maritime Silk Road Initiative

作　　者：黄德明[1] 杨帆[1] HUANG De-ming;YANG Fan(Law School,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第6期39-49,共11页Journal of Yunnan Normal University：Humanities and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"海外安全利益法律保护的中国模式研究"(13AFX028)

摘　　要：海洋保护区是当前最为重要的综合性海洋治理工具,由于它的建立和管理涉及不同国际机构、国家和其他团体的权能,因此一个行之有效的国际合作法律机制有助于海洋保护区的成功设立和有效运行。东北大西洋和马尾藻海地区分别建立了当前最具代表性的国际合作法律机制,前者以《保护东北大西洋海洋环境公约》和保护东北大西洋海洋环境委员会为中心,委员会与多个国际机构签署双边谅解备忘录,并制定适用于多边合作的《集体协议》;后者在缺少区域环境保护条约和区域环境保护组织的情况下,通过成立马尾藻海联盟、订立《汉密尔顿宣言》,建立了以国家、非政府间国际组织以及其他社会团体为主导,以软法机制为主要形式的国际合作模式。考虑到当前海上丝绸之路周边海域尚未建立起完善的国际合作法律机制,借鉴这两种模式的成功经验对于在"海上丝绸之路"框架下构建ABNJ海洋治理国际合作法律机制具有重要意义。Marine protected areas are the most important ocean governance tool.In the absence of an effective global treaty,the establishment and management of marine protected areas through the coordination and cooperation among the international institutions are the most viable option.The Northeast Atlantic and the Sargasso Sea have respectively set up the coordination and cooperation mechanism to ensure the establishment and effective management of the high seas protected areas.The OSPAR Commission and the OSPAR Convention are key factors in the Northeast Atlantic,while the Commission has signed a series of memorandums of understanding on the bilateral level with several international agencies,and multilateral cooperation has also been established through the collective agreement.Even though there are no regional environmental treaties and regional environmental protection organizations in the Sargasso Sea,through the establishment of the Sargasso Sea Alliance,and the signing of the Hamilton Declaration,it has built its own coordination and cooperation mechanism with soft law systems and arrangements as the core,states,NGOs and other social groups as the leading parties.Given that the areas alongside the current Maritime Silk Road have not yet established a perfect mechanism for international cooperation,drawing on the successful experience of these two modes is of great significance for our country to participate in regional ocean governance.

关 键 词：国家管辖范围外 海洋保护区 跨部门合作法律机制 海上丝绸之路 

分 类 号：D990[政治法律—国际法学]