孕穗前期叶面喷赛苗旺对冬小麦穗粒数和粒质量的影响  

Effects of Foliar Spraying Saimiaowang on Grain Numbers per Spike and Grain Weight of Winter Wheat at Pre-booting Stage

作　　者：郑春风[1] 任伟[2] 徐福新[2] 车军 杨攀[2] 吴政卿[2] 马卫民 曹源 ZHENG Chunfeng;REN Wei;XU Fuxin;CHE Jun;YANG Pan;WU Zhengqing;MA Weimin;CAO Yuan(Institute of Plant Nutrition,Agricultural Resources and Environmental Science,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Wheat Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002,China;Beijing Alltech Biological Products Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省农业科学院小麦研究所,河南郑州450002 [3]北京奥特奇生物制品有限公司,北京100000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2018年第11期8-12,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省重大科技专项(151100111100;151100111400);河南省科技攻关中原学者项目(162101510002);河南省现代农业产业技术体系项目(S2010-01)

摘　　要：为探讨孕穗前期叶面喷施赛苗旺对小麦穗粒数和粒质量的调控效应,以半冬性小麦品种郑麦379为供试材料,在冬小麦孕穗前14 d,以叶面喷清水为对照,研究叶面喷赛苗旺对冬小麦穗粒数和粒质量的影响。结果表明,在孕穗前14 d,喷施赛苗旺可抑制冬小麦败育阶段基部和中部穗位的小花败育速率,显著提高该部位的小花数,对顶部穗位小花的败育速率和小花数影响不大。与对照相比,在基部穗位,两试验点喷赛苗旺处理的小花败育速率分别显著降低23.30%、21.96%,小花数分别显著增加1.60、1.31个;在中部穗位,两试验点喷赛苗旺处理的小花败育速率分别降低31.65%、33.72%,小花数分别显著增加3.80、4.07个。对产量及其构成因素进一步分析发现,与对照相比,两试验点喷施赛苗旺处理穗数、千粒质量均有所提高,但不显著,穗粒数和产量分别显著提高11.85%、13.13%和7.50%、7.08%。综上说明,在冬小麦发育中后期,叶面喷施赛苗旺主要通过提高冬小麦基部和中部穗位的穗粒数来提高产量,且效果显著。In order to study the regulation effect of foliar spraying Saimiaowang(SMW)on wheat grain number per spike and grain weight at pre-booting stage,the effect of foliar spraying SMW(at 14 d before booting)on wheat grain number per spike and grain weight was studied with semi-winter wheat Zhengmai 379 as material.The results showed that,compared with the control(spraying water),spraying SMW restrained abortion rate of floret of basal and central spikelet,and significantly increased the number of floret in these positions of spike,but had no obvious effect on the floret number of apical spikelet.Compared with the control,the abortion rate of floret of basal spikelet decreased by 23.30%,21.96%,and the floret numbers increased by 1.60,1.31 in two test sites;the abortion rate of central spikelet decreased by 31.65%,33.72%,and the floret numbers increased by 3.80,4.07,respectively.Further analysis,compared with the control,the grain number per spike and yield of spraying SMW treatment increased by 11.85%,13.13%and 7.50%,7.08%in two test sites,respectively;the spike number and thousand-grain weight of spraying SMW treatment increased,but there was no significant difference.Overall,grain yield was significantly improved in response to foliar spraying SMW mainly through increasing the grain number per spike of basal and central spikelet.

关 键 词：冬小麦 赛苗旺 小花发育 穗粒数 粒质量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]