不同杀菌剂对茶云纹叶枯病菌的体外抑制作用和大田防治效果  

In vitro Inhibition and Field Control Effect of Different Fungicides on Colletotrichum camelliae Massee

作　　者：董照锋 熊潇垚 陈光华 DONG Zhaofeng;XIONG Xiaoyao;CHEN Guanghua(Shangluo Municipal Agricultural Product Quality Safety Inspection and Testing Center,Shangluo 726000,China)

机构地区：[1]商洛市农产品质量安全检验检测中心,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2018年第11期73-79,共7页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西农业科技示范推广项目(KJCX-2015-02)

摘　　要：为了筛选安全高效防治茶云纹叶枯病的杀菌剂,采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法分别测定武夷菌素、多抗霉素、春雷霉素、枯草芽孢杆菌、戊唑醇共5种杀菌剂对病原菌菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发的抑制作用,并基于此开展大田防治试验。结果表明,戊唑醇、枯草芽孢杆菌对菌丝生长的抑制作用较强且持久,春雷霉素对分生孢子萌发的抑制作用强,对菌丝生长也有一定的抑制效果。430 g/L戊唑醇SC 5 000倍120 h对菌丝生长的抑制率为98.35%,100亿个/g枯草芽孢杆菌WP1 200倍120 h对菌丝生长的抑制率为83.64%,6%春雷霉素WP 1 200倍对菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发的抑制率分别为40.96%和96.65%。430 g/L戊唑醇SC 5 000倍+6%春雷霉素WP 1 000倍混配对菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发的抑制率分别达到100%,100亿个/g枯草芽孢杆菌WP 1 000倍+6%春雷霉素WP 1 000倍混配对分生孢子萌发的抑制率达100%,但对菌丝生长的抑制作用较差。大田试验表明,430 g/L戊唑醇SC 5 000倍+6%春雷霉素WP 1 000倍混配、430 g/L戊唑醇SC5 000倍、6%春雷霉素WP 1 000倍与100亿个/g枯草芽孢杆菌WP 1 000倍交替使用、6%春雷霉素WP 1 000倍、100亿个/g枯草芽孢杆菌WP 1 000倍的防效分别为78.81%、77.90%、77.66%、74.69%、68.13%。生产中可采用430 g/L戊唑醇SC 5 000倍+6%春雷霉素WP 1 000倍混合喷雾,或者6%春雷霉素WP 1 000倍与100亿个/g枯草芽孢杆菌WP 1 000倍交替使用2个配方进行防治。有机、绿色茶园防治,建议采用6%春雷霉素WP 1 000倍与100亿个/g枯草芽孢杆菌WP1 000倍间隔10～15 d交替喷雾1次。In order to screen safe and efficient fungicides for Colletotrichum camelliae Massea control,mycelium growth rate method and spore germination method were used to analyze the inhibiting effects of wuyiencin,polyoxin,kasugamycin,Bacillus subtilis and tebuconazole on mycelium and spore of Colletotrichum camelliae Massee.Based on these,field control experiments were carried on.The results showed that tebuconazole and Bacillus subtilis had strong and lasting effect on mycelium.Kasugamycin had strong inhibitory effect on spore,and also inhibited mycelium.The inhibition rate of mycelium by 5 000 times dilute tebuconazole could be 98.35%in a 120-hour-experiment.The inhibition rate of mycelium by 1 200 times dilute Bacillus subtilis was 83.64%in a 120-hour-experiment.Under the same experiment hours,the inhibition rates of mycelium and spore by 1 200 times dilute kasugamycin were 40.96%and 96.65%.Combined 5 000 times dilute tebuconazole and 1 000 times dilute kasugamycin,the inhibition rates of mycelium and spore could achieve 100%.Combined 1 000 times dilute Bacillus subtilis and 1 000 times dilute kasugamycin,the inhibition rate of spore was 100%,but they only had poor effect on mycelium.Field experiments showed that the control effects of combined 5 000 times dilute tebuconazole and 1 000 times dilute kasugamycin,5 000 times dilute tebuconazole,1 000 times dilute kasugamycin and 1 000 times dilute Bacillus subtilis sprayed alternately,1 000 times dilute kasugamycin,1 000 times dilute Bacillus subtilis respectively were 78.81%,77.90%,77.66%,74.69%,68.13%.In production,it is very effective to spray with 5 000 times dilute tebuconazole and 1 000 times dilute kasugamycin combined,or alternately using 1 000 times dilute kasugamycin and 1 000 times dilute Bacillus subtilis to control the disease.It’s suggested that 1 000 times dilute kasugamycin and 1 000 times dilute Bacillus subtilis should be sprayed alternately at intervals of 10-15 days in organic and green tea gardens.

关 键 词：茶云纹叶枯病菌 杀菌剂 抑菌作用 菌丝生长 孢子萌发 大田防治 

分 类 号：S482[农业科学—农药学] S435.711[农业科学—植物保护]