自主动作所引起的感知衰减及其特征  

Characteristics of Sensory Attenuation Induced by Voluntary Action

作　　者：王碧野[1] 周成林[2] 郭玮 朱风书[1] WANG Biye;ZHOU Chenglin;GUO Wei;ZHU Fengshu(School of PE,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学体育学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]上海体育学院,上海200438

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2018年第3期237-242,共6页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：全国教育科学"十三五"规划教育部重点课题(项目编号:DLA160285)

摘　　要：为了验证自主动作是否可以引起感知衰减并探索其特征,采用改进的经典研究范式,引入信号检测论,对16名被试[(21.3±1.6)岁]执行自主动作如何影响其感知物体运动方向一致性进行研究。主要试验任务为判断是否存在一组运动方向一致的动点,该任务需要分别在自主动作与其效果一致与不一致条件下完成。结果显示,在自主动作与其效果一致和不一致条件下,被试反应正确率差异边缘显著(P=0.075),反应时差异不显著(P=0.93),反应标准c差异不显著(P=0.33),一致条件下辨别力d'差异显著小于不一致条件下(P<0.05)。在控制条件下,预判有效和无效条件下的辨别力d'差异不显著(P=0.81)。因此,自主动作可以引起对物体运动方向一致性的感知发生衰减;这种衰减具有特异性,只会发生在自主动作所对应的效果上;预判的有效性无法引起感知发生衰减。This study was designed to confirm that voluntary action could induce sensory attenuation and to investigate the characteristics of the sensory attenuation.An improved paradigm with the signal detection theory was performed on a total number of 16 participants to investigate the effect of voluntary action on the perception processing of the direction of motion of the object.The main task was to judge the direction of motion in either voluntary action congruent with its effect or incongruent.The results showed that,compared with incongruent condition,the response accuracy different difference was nearly significant(P=0.075),the response time was insignificant different(P=0.93),and the response criterion was neither significant different(P=0.33)in congruent condition.However,the discrimination d'decrease significantly(P<0.05)in congruent condition.In control condition,the anticipation process show no significant effect on the discrimination d'(P=0.81).In conclusion,voluntary action can induce the sensory attenuation of the direction of motion of the object.This attenuation was selectively obvious in the sensory effect of the voluntary action and could not be induced by anticipation process.

关 键 词：自主动作 感知觉 感知衰减 信号检测论 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]