网室内蜜蜂授粉和壁蜂授粉对棉花不育系的影响  

Effect of Honeybee Pollination and Wall Bee Pollination on Cotton Sterile Lines in Net House

作　　者：吴翠翠 夏芝 侯保国 曹彩荣 WU Cuicui;XIA Zhi;HOU Baoguo;CAO Cairong(Institute of Cotton,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Cotton Germplasm Resources Utilization and Molecular Design Breeding,Yuncheng 044000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,棉花种质资源利用与分子设计育种山西省重点实验室,山西运城044000

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2018年第12期2014-2017,2081,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0101416);山西省重点实验室开放课题项目(MHKF201802)

摘　　要：在网室内进行蜜蜂和壁蜂的棉花不育系授粉试验,调查不育系的田间农艺性状、室内考种性状和产量,并进行比较。结果表明,壁蜂授粉的空果枝数高于蜜蜂授粉,蜜蜂授粉在铃数上高于壁蜂授粉,蜜蜂授粉和壁蜂授粉的铃数大小均表现为1～4果枝>5～8果枝>9～12果枝;蜜蜂授粉和壁蜂授粉在铃质量上差异较小,壁蜂授粉的衣分范围为32.2%～37.1%,蜜蜂授粉的衣分范围为33.4%～36.4%,其相差较小;壁蜂授粉最高不孕率达41.0%,蜜蜂最高为36.0%,蜜蜂平均不孕率较小;蜜蜂授粉的公顷种子产量明显高于壁蜂授粉。因此,网室内蜜蜂授粉效果较壁蜂好。建议在初花期前使用生物农药进行防治,农药喷洒要及时,且尽量避开盛花期。In this study,the pollination test of the cotton sterile lines of honeybee and wall bee was carried out in the net house.The field agronomic traits,seed testing traits and yield of cotton sterile line were investigated and compared.The result showed that the number of empty fruit branches pollinated by the wall bee was higher than that of the honeybee pollination.The boll number of honeybee pollinated was higher than that of the wall bee pollination,and the honeybee pollination and the wall bee pollination were 1-4 fruit branches>5-8 fruit branches>9-12 fruit branches.The difference in bell quality between honeybee pollination and wall bee pollination was small.The lint percentage of wall bee pollinated was 32.2%-37.1%,honeybee pollination was 33.4%-36.4%,and the difference of honeybee pollination was small.The highest infertility rate of wall bee pollination was 41.0%,the highest infertility rate of honeybee pollination was 36.0%,and the average infertile rate of honeybee was small.The seed yield of honeybee pollination was significantly higher than that of wall bee pollination.Therefore,the pollination effect of honeybee in net room is better than that of wall bee.It is suggested that biological pesticides should be used before the beginning of flowering.Pesticide should be sprayed timely and avoiding flowering period.

关 键 词：蜜蜂授粉 壁蜂授粉 棉花 影响 

分 类 号：S897.3[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]