不同土壤处理方式对连作黄瓜生长的影响  

Effects of Different Soil Treatments on Continuous Cropping Cucumber Growth

作　　者：聂园军 杨三维 赵佳[2] 肖蓉[3] 王媛[3] 薄晓峰 NIE Yuanjun;YANG Sanwei;ZHAO Jia;XIAO Rong;WANG Yuan;BO Xiaofeng(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economy,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030006,China;Research Center of Biotechnology,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China;Institute of Pomology,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taigu 030800,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所,山西太原030006 [2]山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心,山西太原030031 [3]山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西太谷030800

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2018年第12期2018-2022,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201703D221009-2);山西省农业科学院特色农业技术攻关项目(YGG17118);山西省农业科技成果转化与示范推广项目(2017CGZH31)

摘　　要：为了研究生物有机肥或者化学药剂结合高温闷棚的土壤处理方法对连作黄瓜生长的影响,设置了生物有机肥太阳能法和化学药剂太阳能法2个处理,对照组为太阳能法,研究不同土壤处理方式对设施黄瓜根结线虫病和枯萎病的防治效果,以及对设施黄瓜生长量、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,以太阳能+生物有机肥+微生物菌肥为基础的生物有机肥太阳能法处理在各项指标上均好于其他2个处理或者与另外2种土壤处理方法持平,在防治线虫方面效果最好,根结指数为34.8,防治效果为46.05%;在防治黄瓜枯萎病方面,初瓜期和盛瓜期2个时期效果最好,初瓜期没有发病,盛瓜期发病率仅2%;在黄瓜生长量指标方面,该方法处理后黄瓜蔓长、叶面积指数、叶片个数分别为126.6 cm,3.08,19.3个,比化学药剂太阳能法处理和对照效果要好;茎粗与另外2个处理差异不显著;该方法处理土壤后黄瓜产量为186 499.5 kg/hm^2,比对照处理提高了26.9%,并且显著提高了盛瓜期黄瓜的Vc含量;能够降低黄瓜硝酸盐含量和提高可溶性糖含量,但各处理间差异均未达到显著水平。To study the effects of microbial organic fertilizer or chemical reagents combined with shed in high temperature on cucumber in continuous cropping system,three treatments(A.microbial organic fertilizer combined with solar energy;B.chemical reagents combined with solar energy;CK.solar energy method)were set to research the effects of different soil treatments on prevention of Meloidogyne incognita and wilt disease in cucumber plant,and mass,yield and quality of cucumber.The results indicated that the treatment of microbial organic fertilizer combined with solar energy showed better performance on various indicators than the other two methods,especially on the prevention of nematode with root knots of 34.8 and prevention indicator of 46.05%;the prevention effects of wilt disease in cucumber plant showed the best on early melon stage and middle melon stage,with the disease rate of 0 and 2%,respectively.By this method,the length,LAI and leaf numbers per plant of cucumber were 126.6 cm,3.08,19.3,respectively,which showed better performance than other two methods,while the stem diameter showed no significant differences among the three treatments.Compared with CK,the yield of cucumber by this method increased by 26.9%,with 186 499.5 kg/hm2,moreover,the Vc content of cucumber on middle melon stage was also increased significantly.The treatment of microbial organic fertilizer decreased the nitrate content and increased soluble sugar content(not significantly under 0.05 level),compared with the other two methods.

关 键 词：黄瓜 连作障碍 土壤处理 生物有机肥 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]