分析驾驶行为的快速路交通流元胞自动机模型  

Fast Road Traffic Flow Cellular Automaton Model for Analyzing Driving Behavior

作　　者：李杰[1] 杨晓芳[1] 付强[2] LI Jie;YANG Xiaofang;FU Qiang(Management School,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;School of Transportation Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学管理学院,上海200093 [2]同济大学交通运输工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《物流科技》2018年第12期63-67,共5页Logistics Sci-Tech

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51308409);上海市浦江人才计划资助项目(15PJC075)

摘　　要：为了研究驾驶者的行为对交通流的影响,文章首先对驾驶者在行驶过程中表现出的特征进行分析,得出反应时间、跟车心理、换道选择三个因素对驾驶行为影响显著。在NaSch模型的基础上,引入三种参数,从换道条件、确定性减速方面重新定义规则,建立分析驾驶行为特性的快速路周期边界条件下的双向四车道交通流元胞自动机模型。在MATLAB软件中模拟,分析在参数取不同数值下速度和流量变化规律。结果表明:随着反应时间参数的减小和跟车心理参数的增大,可以获得更大的平均速度和流量;同时越小的反应时间参数和较小的跟车心理参数对于交通安全更为有利。In order to study the influence of driver's behavior on traffic flow,the characteristics of the driver was analyzed.It was concluded that the three factors of reaction-time,psychology of car-following and selection of lane-changing have significant influence on driving behavior.Based on NaSch model,two-way four-lane traffic flow cellular automaton model under boundary of cycle conditions for analyzing characteristics of driver's behavior was established.It was introduced that redefined rules from terms of lane-changing conditions and deterministic deceleration.Though MATLAB software,the variation of velocity and flow rate under different values of parameters were analyzed.The simulation results show that with the reduction of reaction-time parameters and the increase of psychology of car-following parameters,more average speed and flow can be obtained.At the same time,the smaller the reaction-time parameter and the smaller psychology of car-following are more favorable for traffic safety.

关 键 词：交通流 元胞自动机模型 反应时间 跟车心理 偏好换道概率 

分 类 号：U491.255[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]