菠萝果实发育过程中的内源激素变化及品质形成特点  

Changes of endogenous hormones and characters of fruit quality formation during growth of pineapple

作　　者：林文秋[1,2,3] 肖熙鸥 张红娜[1,2,3] 刘胜辉[1,2,3] 孙伟生 李运合[1,2,3] 吴青松 LIN Wen-qiu;XIAO Xi-ou;ZHANG Hong-na;LIU Sheng-hui;SUNWei-sheng;LI Yun-he;WU Qing-song(South Subtropical Crop Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China;Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Pineapple Germplasm Innovation and Utilization,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Tropical Fruit Biology,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江524091 [2]海南省菠萝种质创新与利用工程技术研究中心,广东湛江524091 [3]农业农村部热带果树生物学重点实验,广东湛江524091

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2018年第11期2224-2229,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：现代农业人才支撑计划项目(125163006000160004);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项项目(1630062017025;1630062017011)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨菠萝果实生长发育过程中的内源激素变化及品质形成特点,为菠萝品种改良和优质栽培提供参考依据。【方法】采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定巴厘菠萝果实发育过程中的主要内源激素、可溶性糖、有机酸和维生素C(Vc)含量,并分析其变化规律。【结果】在菠萝果实发育过程中,其单果重呈不典型的单S形曲线变化趋势;玉米素(ZT)含量最高,呈先升高后下降再升高的变化趋势;吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量呈先降后升、再降再升的动态变化;脱落酸(ABA)含量变化与ZT相似,幼果期ABA含量随着果实发育不断升高,进入果实膨大期后趋于稳定,成熟期缓慢上升;赤霉素(GA3)微量存在。在菠萝果实发育过程中,糖分积累以果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖为主,果糖和葡萄糖含量随果实发育逐渐升高,而幼果期蔗糖含量逐渐下降,进入果实膨大期至成熟期后蔗糖含量急剧升高;有机酸积累以马来酸、柠檬酸和苹果酸为主,幼果期以苹果酸和马来酸积累为主,进入果实膨大期后柠檬酸含量急剧升高,成为成熟菠萝的主要有机酸;此外,在菠萝果实发育过程中检测到微量的富马酸和酒石酸。Vc含量在果实发育初期不断升高,进入成熟期后急剧下降。【结论】ZT和ABA是影响菠萝果实发育及成熟的重要内源激素,其含量随果实的发育呈动态变化;蔗糖和柠檬酸是决定巴厘菠萝果实品质的主要可溶性糖和主要有机酸。【Objective】The changes of endogenous hormones and the characteristics of quality formation during the growth of pineapple fruits were discussed,which provided reference for the pineapple varieties improvement and the high-quality cultivation of pineapple.【Method】Contents of endogenous hormones,soluble sugar,organic acid and vitamin C(Vc)in Yellow Mauritius pineapple were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),then their change patterns were analyzed.【Result】During the growth of fruit,the change pattern of single fruit weight was non-typical single S pattern.The hormone with the highest content was zeatin(ZT),and the change pattern of ZT first increased and then decreased and increased at last.But indoleacetic acid(IAA)content decreased first,then increased,and declined and then rose during the development of pineapple fruit.The content change of abscisic acid(ABA)was similar to ZT,the content rose up during young fruit stage,then became stable at fruit enlargement stage and rose up slowly at maturity stage.However,only traces of gibberellin(GA3)were detected in pineapple fruits.During the growth of pineapple,glucose,fructose and sucrose were the main elements in sugar accumulation.The contents of glucose and fructose rose as the fruits grew,but sucrose content gradually declined at young fruit stage.The content of sucrose rose sharply at fruit enlargment stage and maturity stage.Maleic acid,citric acid and malic acid were the major organic acids that accumulated.Maleic acid and malic acid were the main acids in young fruits whereas citric acid content increased sharply after entering fruit enlargment stage and became the major organic acid in ripe pineapple.Fumaric acid and tartaric acid were also detected during fruit growth.The contents of Vc increased gradually in young fruits,and then decreased sharply at maturity stage.【Conclusion】ZT and ABA are important endogenous hormones that affect pineapple growth and ripening.The contents

关 键 词：菠萝 内源激素 可溶性糖 有机酸 维生素C(Vc) 

分 类 号：S668.3[农业科学—果树学]