95份百合种质资源花粉量的测定与散粉特性分析  

Determination of pollen quantity and features of pollen dispersal for 95 lily resources

作　　者：王蓝青 吴美娇 王雪倩 房伟民[1] 陈发棣[1] 滕年军[1] WANG Lanqing;WU Meijiao;WANG Xueqian;FANG Weimin;CHEN Fadi;TENG Nianjun(College of Horticulture/Key Laboratory of Landscaping Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院/农业农村部景观设计重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2018年第6期1018-1028,共11页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助[JATS(2018)006];江苏省"六大人才高峰"高层次人才项目(2016-NY-077);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(YTZ201602)

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在研究影响百合散粉的相关因素,为培育无花粉污染百合品种奠定基础。[方法]以95份百合种质资源为试材,调查其花粉量和与散粉特性相关的花器性状。[结果]95份百合种质资源中,3份没有花药,其余92份均含有花药,花粉量变幅为0～192.5万粒,其中喇叭百合平均花粉量最高,分别是亚洲百合、铁亚百合杂种系(LA百合)、铁东百合杂种系(LO百合)、东喇百合杂种系(OT百合)、东方百合和野百合的4.34、3.35、3.32、1.52、1.60和1.59倍。花药体积变幅为0～609 mm3,其中喇叭百合花药平均体积最大为494 mm3,分别是上述其他6个系列的4.66、3.41、2.51、1.21、1.57和1.64倍。野百合花药中花粉密度最大,平均为644粒·mm-3,分别为亚洲百合、LA百合、LO百合、OT百合、东方百合和喇叭百合的1.27、1.10、1.52、1.38、1.12和1.14倍。4份百合种质资源未散粉,其中3份没有花药而不散粉。‘不锈钢’因花药不开裂而不散粉;‘耶罗琳’等花粉中含有大量油滴,花粉彼此黏着力较大,散粉时形成较大的花粉团,尽管花粉量较多,但花粉污染较轻;而‘德利安娜’等花粉含有油滴较少,花粉彼此黏着力较小,散粉时不易形团状,花粉污染较重。[结论]大部分百合种质资源花粉量较多,花粉污染严重;百合花粉量主要由花药大小决定,受花药中花粉密度影响较小;表观花粉量或花粉污染程度与花粉量成正相关,而与花粉粒之间黏着力度成负相关。[Objectives]The article aims to study the relevant factors that affect the lily pollen dispersal,which aims to lay the foundation for cultivating pollen-contaminated lily varieties.[Methods]95 lily germplasm resources were used as experimental materials to analyze the pollen quantity and the floral organ traits related to loose powder characteristics.[Results]There was no anther in 3 lily germplasm resources,and in other 92 germplasm resources all had anthers.The content of single flower powder ranged from 0 to 192.5×10 4.Among them,trumpet lily had the highest average pollen content,which was 4.34,3.35,3.32,1.52,1.60 and 1.59 times higher than that of the Asiatic lily,Longiflorum/Asiatic hybrid(LA)lily,Longiflorum/oriental hybrid(LO)lily,oriental/trumpet hybrid(OT)lily,oriental lily and wild lily,respectively.The variation of anther volume in 95 lily germplasm resources ranged from 0 to 609 mm 3,and the largest average volume of anthers was 494 mm 3 in trumpet lily,which were 4.66,3.41,2.51,1.21,1.57 and 1.64 times of other 6 series mentioned above,respectively.The largest pollen density was in wild lily anther,with an average of 644 seeds per mm 3,which were 1.27,1.10,1.52,1.38,1.12 and 1.14 times in Asiatic lily,LA lily,LO lily,OT lily,oriental lily and trumpet lily,respectively.The 4 lily germplasm resources did not disperse,among which 3 germplasm resources had no anthers.The anther of‘Stainless Steel’was indehiscence;the pollen of‘Yelloween’contained a large amount of oil droplets,with high pollen adhesion to each other which was easy to form regiments.It was not easy to cause pollution despite that it owned numerous pollens;however,the pollen of‘Deliana’contained a small quantity of oil droplets and low pollen cohesion which was hard to form regiments and caused pollution.[Conclusions]Most lily germplasm resources contained various pollens and cause serious pollution.The content of lily pollen was mainly determined by the anther size,but less affected by the pollen density of anther.There is a

关 键 词：百合 花粉量 花粉污染 散粉特性 散粉能力 

分 类 号：S682.1[农业科学—观赏园艺]