棉花陆海杂种标记偏分离染色体上重要农艺性状的QTL定位  

QTL Mapping of Important Agronomic Traits on Chromosomes Showing Marker Segregation Distortion in Interspecific Backcross Cotton Populations

作　　者：戴宝生[1,2] 郭欢乐 尤春源[3] 张献龙[1] 林忠旭[1] Dai Baosheng;Guo Huanle;You Chunyuan;Zhang Xianlong;Lin Zhongxu(National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Huanggang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Huanggang,Hubei 438000,China;Cotton Research Institute,Shihezi Academy of Agriculture Science,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学与技术学院/作物遗传改良国家重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]黄冈市农业科学院,湖北黄冈438000 [3]石河子农业科技开发研究中心棉花研究所,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《棉花学报》2018年第6期435-447,共13页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31371674)

摘　　要：【目的】利用陆海杂种分离群体进行产量、熟性相关性状和纤维品质相关数量性状定位(Quantitative trait locus,QTL),挖掘这2个棉种基因组上的有利等位变异,以期检测到稳定的QTL位点,用于QTL精细定位、基因克隆和分子标记辅助选择。【方法】以海岛棉3-79(简称"3")和陆地棉鄂棉22(简称"E")为亲本,构建了4个以鄂棉22为轮回亲本的BC1F1群体[E(E3)、E(3E)、(E3)E和(3E)E],单株种植成株行,构建BC1F2群体。考查群体的熟性、产量及纤维品质相关性状,在偏分离严重的3条染色体上进行QTL定位分析。【结果】正态分布检验显示,除了E (E3)群体的马克隆值和短纤维率在4个群体中均不符合正态分布外,4个群体的其余6个纤维品质相关性状均符合正态分布;但是与熟性相关的3个性状均不符合正态分布,说明熟性等适应性状可能与环境有更强的互作效应。利用复合区间作图方法对4个BC1F2分离群体的产量、熟性及纤维相关性状进行QTL定位,共检测到47个QTLs,其中(E3)E中15个、(3E)E中13个、E(E3)中12个、E(3E)中7个,解释8.8%～30.9%的表型变异。检测到27个纤维性状相关QTLs,解释9.0%～30.9%的表型变异;检测到7个产量相关QTLs,解释8.8%～17.4%的表型变异;检测到13个熟性相关QTLs,解释9.4%～19.4%的表型变异。【结论】QTL比较分析表明,本研究检测到的部分QTLs在MetaQTL分析也被检测到。本研究也鉴定出了一些在综合图谱上没有报道的QTLs,比如16号染色体的qDBO-c16-1、qDBO-c16-2和qLI-c16-1、qLI-c16-2,18号染色体的qSF-c18-1。这些新鉴定的QTLs可为QTL比较分析提供新的参考信息。[Objective]The purpose of this study was to map QTLs for yield,maturity,and fiber quality traits of cotton interspecific hybrid populations and to mine favorable alleles from the cotton genome for QTL fine mapping,gene cloning,and molecular marker-assisted selection.[Method]Four BC1F1 populations,E(E3),E(3E),(E3)E,and(3E)E,were developed by crossing sea island cotton 3-79("3")and upland cotton'Emian 22'("E"),and with"Emian 22"as the recurrent parent.BC1F2 populations derived from BC1F1 populations were phenotyped to allow mapping of QTLs for yield-,maturity-,and fiber quality-related traits on chromosomes showing segregation distortion.[Result]A normal distribution test indicated that six fiber quality-related traits,except for the micronaire value in E(E3)and the short fiber ratio in all populations,followed a normal distribution pattern;in contrast,earliness-related traits were not normally distributed in all populations,which suggests that genotype-environment interactions have strong effects on maturity-related traits.Using composite interval mapping,47 QTLs were detected on three chromosomes(2,16,and 18):15 in(E3)E,13 in(3E)E,12 in E(E3),and 7 in E(3E),with the phenotypic variation explained(PVE)ranging from 8.8%–30.9%.A total of 27 fiber-related QTLs were discovered,with the PVE ranging from 9.0%–30.9%.Five yield-related QTLs(PVE=8.8%–17.4%)and 13 maturity-related QTLs(PVE=9.4%–19.4%)were also identified.[Conclusion]Comparison analysis showed that most QTLs in our study were consistent with the MetaQTL,including QTLs for boll weight,fiber length,fiber length uniformity,lint percentage,and micronaire value on chromosome 2;QTLs for fiber length,fiber strength,and fiber length uniformity on chromosome 16;and QTLs for boll weight,date of boll opening,fiber length,fiber strength,fiber length uniformity,and micronaire value on chromosome 18.Several detected QTLs in our study were not found in the MetaQTL,such as QTLs for date of boll opening and lint percentage on chromosome 16 and a QTL for the date from

关 键 词：棉花 种间群体 偏分离染色体 产量 纤维品质 熟性 QTL定位 

分 类 号：S562.035[农业科学—作物学]