黄淮棉区棉花品种种子萌发期低温耐受性评价  

Evaluation of the Low-Temperature Tolerance of Cotton Varieties in the Huang-Huai Region during Seed Germination

作　　者：高利英 邓永胜[1] 韩宗福[1] 孔凡金[1] 申贵芳[1] 李汝忠[1] 尹燕枰[2] Gao Liying;Deng Yongsheng;Han Zongfu;Kong Fanjin;Shen Guifang;Li Ruzhong;Yin Yanping(Cotton Research Center,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cotton Breeding and Cultivation in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain,Ministry of Agriculture,Jinan 250100,China;College of Agronomy,Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Tai’an,Shandong 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东棉花研究中心/农业部黄淮海棉花遗传改良与栽培生理重点实验室,济南250100 [2]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室/山东省作物生物学重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《棉花学报》2018年第6期455-463,共9页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划--"七大农作物育种"专项(2016YFD0101406);山东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(SDAIT-03-02)

摘　　要：【目的】通过对黄淮棉区不同时期38个代表性棉花品种在不同低温胁迫下萌发特性的研究,综合评价这些品种在萌发期对低温胁迫的耐受能力,为选育耐低温的棉花新品种提供理论依据和种质资源。【方法】利用方差分析、模糊隶属函数以及聚类分析等方法,分析38个品种在萌发期对低温耐受能力的差异。【结果】在低温胁迫条件下,随着温度降低,38个棉花品种的发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数均呈降低趋势,不同品种间存在显著差异。聚类分析将38个品种按种子低温萌发抗逆能力分为强抗品种、中抗品种和不抗品种3类。【结论】早期引进品种以及由早期引进品种系统选育的品种在应对低温胁迫时,明显弱于近期杂交选育品种,斯字棉与岱字棉品种抵御低温胁迫的能力最弱,而近期育成的转基因抗虫棉品种鲁棉研37号、鲁棉研36号在抵御低温胁迫方面表现出更强的优势。[Objective]To provide a theoretical foundation and germplasm resources for low-temperature-germination cotton breeding,the germination characteristics of 38 cotton varieties novel to or formerly widely planted in the Huang-Huai Region were evaluated under different low temperature stress conditions.[Method]Analysis of variance,the fuzzy membership function method,and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the tolerance of these varieties to low temperature stress.[Result]As the temperature was lowered,germination rate,germination index,and vigor index exhibited a decreasing trend in all cotton varieties,but resistance to low temperature was significantly different among varieties.Cluster analysis divided the 38 varieties into three categories:highly resistant,resistant,and non-resistant.[Conclusion]Early-introduced varieties and those bred from early-introduced germplasm resources had weaker resistance to low temperature stress,with Stoneville and Deltapine series showing the lowest tolerance.The new transgenic insect-resistant cotton varieties SCRC 37 and SCRC 36 had the strongest resistance to low temperature stress.

关 键 词：棉花 耐低温 种子萌发 抗逆系数 黄淮棉区 

分 类 号：S562.034[农业科学—作物学]