棉花形态性状质量遗传分析与基因定位研究进展  

Research Progress on the Mendelian Genetic Analysis and Molecular Mapping of Morphological Qualitative Traits in Cotton

作　　者：臧新山 耿延会 裴文锋[1] 吴嫚[1] 李兴丽[1] 张金发 于霁雯[1] Zang Xinshan;Geng Yanhui;Pei Wenfeng;Wu Man;Li Xingli;Zhang Jinfa;Yu Jiwen(State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Anyang,Henan 455000,China;New Mexico State University,Las Cruces,New Mexico 88003,USA)

机构地区：[1]棉花生物学国家重点实验室/中国农业科学院棉花研究所/农业农村部棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,河南安阳455000 [2]New Mexico State University,Las Cruces,New Mexico 88003,USA

出　　处：《棉花学报》2018年第6期473-485,共13页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31621005);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0101400);国家科技重大专项--转基因生物新品种培育(2016ZX08005005)。

摘　　要：棉花质量性状的遗传分析和基因定位,对棉花育种工作者设计和培育新品种,提高育种效率,创新种质资源都有重要指导作用。棉花质量性状的研究始于20世纪初期,但都是基于形态上的观察。近年来,棉花基因组学研究的不断深入和分子标记遗传图谱的不断完善,为定位克隆棉花重要质量性状基因提供了便利。迄今为止,研究人员已对大部分质量性状基因进行了遗传连锁分析或染色体定位,其中部分质量性状的候选基因也已被鉴定出来。本文主要从质量性状遗传分析、分子标记定位和候选基因克隆几个方面系统地综述了植株颜色、叶片颜色、叶型、苞叶、花、蜜腺、腺体和纤维8类质量性状,为进一步研究棉花质量性状形成的分子机理和调控机制、定向转移基因及基因聚合育种等提供参考。Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of qualitative traits are important tools in cotton breeding.Research on cotton qualitative traits has been reported since the early 1900s.Rapid advances in cotton genomics and molecular mapping over the past several years have facilitated the mapping and cloning of important qualitative trait genes in cotton.Although most of the 101 genes and alleles related to cotton morphological qualitative traits have not been mapped to linkage groups or chromosomes,several genes have been cloned and identified via map-based cloning.This paper describes research progress on the genetic and linkage analysis,molecular mapping,and candidate gene cloning of eight major types of morphological qualitative traits:plant color,leaf color,leaf shape,bract,flower,nectary,gland,and fiber characteristics.The presented information lays a foundation for studying the molecular basis of qualitative traits,favorable gene-based transfer,and gene pyramiding in cotton.

关 键 词：棉花 质量性状 染色体定位 分子标记 基因克隆 

分 类 号：S562.01[农业科学—作物学]