新疆沙尔套山主要草地类型可食牧草产量动态变化规律  

Dynamic Research on the Edible Forage Production of Main Grassland Types in Shaertao Mountain,Xinjiang

作　　者：张凡凡[1] 杨开虎 于磊[1] 鲁为华[1] 杨国林[2] 和海秀[1] ZHANG Fan-fan;YANG Kai-hu;YU Lei;LU Wei-hua;YANG Guo-lin;HE Hai-xiu(College of Animal Science&Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China;Regimental Farm 76,Division 4 of Xinjiang Production&Construction Corps, Zhaosu Xinjiang 835600,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第四师76团,新疆昭苏835600

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2018年第9期1737-1746,共10页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性(农业)行业专项"放牧牛羊营养均衡需要研究与示范"(201303062)~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究沙尔套山主要草地类型可食牧草产量动态变化规律。【方法】各草地类型总产量、优势种牧草产量及各经济类群产草量动态。以沙尔套山垂直分布的针茅(Stipa capillata)+芨芨草(Achnatherum splendens)型、紫花鸢尾(Iris ruthenica)+假梯牧草(Phleum phleoides)型、鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata)+杂类草型、西伯利亚羽衣草(Alchemilla sibirica)+杂类草型、线叶嵩草(Kobresia capillifolia)+细果苔草(Carex stenocarpa)型(标号依次为I型～V型草地) 5个主要草地类型为对象,研究其不同月份产草量。【结果】I型草地中,总产量和针茅产量在9、10月最高,禾草9月产量最高,豆科草6月产量最高,杂类草8月产量最高。II型草地中,紫花鸢尾7月产量最高,禾草9月产量最高,总产量和豆科草、杂类草均为8月产量最高。III型草地中,豆科草和杂类草7月产量最高,鸭茅、禾草和总产量均为8月最高。IV型草地中,西伯利亚羽衣草和总产量均为7月最高,禾草和杂类草8月产量最高。V型草地中,线叶嵩草、禾草和总产量均为7月最高,杂类草8月产量最高。【结论】沙尔套山各草地型全年总产量按高低排序为:III型草地> II型草地> I型草地> IV型草地> V型草地。其中鸭茅+杂类草型草地可食牧草产量最高(12 080. 1 kg/hm^2),主要用于夏、秋牧场放牧。【Objective】In order to fully understand and grasp the dynamic changes of main grassland types on edible grass yield in Shaertao mountain.The five main grassland types in the vertical-area grassland were studied.【Method】The grassland type Stipa capillata+Achnatherum splendens grassland,Iris ruthenica+Phleum phleoides grassland,Dactylis glomerata+herarum varianum grassland,Alchemilla sibirica+herarum varianum grassland and Kobresia capillifolia+Carex stenocarpa grassland,and the serial number was from type Ⅰ to type Ⅴ,respectively.Dynamic analysis on the total yield of each grassland type,forage yield of dominant species and grass yield of economic groups was carried out.【Result】The results showed that,on the grassland type Ⅰ,the total forage grass and S.capillata yield was the highest in September and October.The yield of Gramineous forage grass was the highest in September.The yield of Leguminosae forage grass was the highest in June.The yield of herarum varianum forage grass was the highest in August.On the grassland type Ⅱ,the yield of I.ruthenica forage grass was the highest in July.The yield of Gramineous forage grass was the highest in September.The total forage yield,eguminosae and herarum varianum forage grass yield were the highest in August.On the grassland type Ⅲ,the yield of Leguminosae and herarum varianum forage grass was the highest in July.The D.glomerata,Gramineous and total forage grass yield was the highest in August.On the grassland type Ⅳ,the A.sibirica and total forage grass yield was the highest in July.The yield of Leguminosae and herarum varianum forage grass was the highest in August.On the grassland type Ⅴ,the K.capillifolia,Gramineous and total forage grass yield was the highest in July.The yield of herarum varianum forage grass was the highest in August.【Conclusion】The rank of total annual output of the grassland types was type Ⅲ>type Ⅱ>type Ⅰ>type Ⅳ>type Ⅴ.The highest edible forage was D.glomerata+herarum varianum type(12,080.1 kg/hm 2),which ar

关 键 词：天然草地 草地类型 牧草 产量 动态 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]