好氧反硝化菌及其在污水处理和环境修复中的研究进展  

Aerobic denitrifiers and the state of research in their use for sewage treatment and environmental remediation

作　　者：丁钰 张婷月 黄民生[1,2] 何岩[1,2] 曹承进[1,2] DING Yu;ZHANG Ting-yue;HUANG Min-sheng;HE Yan;CAO Cheng-jin(School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第6期1-11,67,共12页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2014ZX07101012;2017ZX07207001);上海市普陀区高层次人才科研创新项目(2014-A-18);地理信息科学教育部重点实验室开放研究基金(KLGIS2016A03)

摘　　要：好氧反硝化菌由于其可以进行同步硝化反硝化的独特优势,给传统生物脱氮带来了新思路.本文综述了好氧反硝化菌的分离方法、种类及其影响因素,从电子传递瓶颈理论和酶学理论两方面探讨了好氧反硝化作用机理,介绍了它们在污水处理和环境修复方面的应用.研究表明,温度、溶解氧(DO)、碳源、碳氮比和pH值对好氧反硝化过程影响明显,且好氧反硝化菌在适宜条件下都有高效的脱氮效率.不过,目前好氧反硝化菌在环境修复应用方面仍有着效果不稳定等不足,和实验室研究有着一定的差距,需要进一步的探究.系统总结了好氧反硝化菌的分离方法、种类、反应机理、影响因素以及污水处理和环境修复中的应用.The use of aerobic denitrifying bacteria has introduced a new concept to traditional biological nitrogen removal given its unique advantages for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification.This paper reviewed the separation methods of aerobic denitrifiers as well as their respective types and influencing factors.The mechanism of aerobic denitrification is explored from the perspective of electron transfer bottleneck theory and enzymology;meanwhile,the applications for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation are also introduced.Studies have shown that:temperature,dissolved oxygen(DO),carbon source,the carbon to nitrogen ratio,and pH value all have effects on the aerobic denitrification process;and aerobic denitrifying bacteria have efficient nitrogen removal efficiency under suitable conditions.However,at present,aerobic denitrifying bacteria still have insufficient impact for environmental remediation applications.There is a gap between laboratory results and engineering applications,so further investigation is needed.This paper systematically summarizes the separation methods,types,reaction mechanisms,influencing factors,and applications of aerobic denitrifying bacteria in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.

关 键 词：好氧反硝化菌 生物脱氮 环境生物修复 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]