芸苔属饲用作物对反刍动物甲烷减排的作用及机理  

Mitigation of Methane Emissions with Forage Brassicas in Ruminants and Possible Mechanisms

作　　者：孙学钊 SUN Xuezhao(The Innovation Center of Ruminant Precision Nutrition and Smart Farming,College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University,Jilin 132109,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业科技学院动物科技学院,反刍动物精准营养与智慧养殖创新中心

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2018年第10期3797-3804,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：吉林农业科技学院特聘教授启动基金项目(吉农院合字[2018]第5001号)

摘　　要：甲烷是反刍动物消化道微生物降解饲料的过程中产生的一种温室气体。反刍动物甲烷排放不仅造成了饲料的能量损失,也加重了地球的温室效应。芸苔属(Brassica spp.)饲用作物主要用于填闲种植,具有较高的营养价值。在不同季节、舍饲或放牧、混合或单独饲喂情况下,芸苔属饲用作物能大幅减少反刍动物甲烷排放,具有良好的推广应用前景。针对其降低排放的原因,前人在饲料化学成分、瘤胃发酵代谢参数、瘤胃微生物等方面作了一些探索,但其机理仍不清楚。本文综述了芸苔属饲用作物减少反刍动物甲烷排放的研究进展,并探讨了可能的减排机理。Methane is a greenhouse gas formed mainly from the microbial degradation of feeds in the ruminant digestive tract.Methane emissions from ruminants not only result in the loss of a large amount of feed energy but also contribute to the global warming.Forage brassicas are important temporary“fill-in”crops with high nutritive values.When fed to ruminants,methane emissions largely decrease.The mitigation effects can exist in different seasons under grazing or housing conditions when fed alone or as a part of the diet.Thus,forage brassicas could be an approach to the mitigation of methane emissions with a great potential to use in practice.To find out the possible causes for the low emissions with forage brassicas,feed chemical composition,rumen fermentation parameters and ruminal microbes were explored,but the mechanisms are still not identified.This review summarized effects of forage brassicas on mitigation of methane emissions from ruminants and proposed possible mechanisms.

关 键 词：芸苔属饲用作物 甲烷排放 减排 反刍动物 作用 机理 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]