启迪于自然的遗态功能材料  

Morphology Genetic Materials Templated from Nature Species

作　　者：张荻[1] 张书倩 张旺[1] 顾佳俊[1] 刘庆雷[1] 苏慧兰[1] ZHANG Di;ZHANG Shuqian;ZHANG Wang;GU Jiajun;LIU Qinglei;SU Huilan(State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学金属基复合材料国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2018年第10期765-775,共11页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51572169);上海市青年科技启明星计划资助项目(16QA1402400);上海科学技术委员会资助项目(18ZR1420900,15ZR1422400,14JC1403300和14520710100);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFE0113000)。

摘　　要：为了保证生存与繁衍的需求,大自然中的生物,包括微生物、动物以及植物,在亿万年优胜劣汰的进化选择中形成了多种、多样、多维数、多尺度的精细微纳构型,为当今多个领域的科学研究提供了丰富的灵感和启发。遗态材料研究通过直接以生物结构为模板,选择合适的物理化学方法,在保持模板精细分级结构的同时,将自然生物组分转化为目标材质,可制备具有生物精细分级结构的新型功能材料。介绍了利用遗态材料研究思想制备具有生物结构的功能材料的方法,简要介绍了采用几种典型生物结构为模板制备的遗态材料结构,并探讨了不同结构特点材料的相关功能表现。For the survival and propagation purpose,creatures including microorganisms,animals and plants have developed multiple,multi-morphology,multidimensional and multiscale fine micro-nano structures as the result of evolutionary selection for billions of years,and thus provide abundant inspirations for scientific research in many fields.Morphology genetic method has been recently adopted to effectively prepare materials with biological structures by changing the compositions of biological templates to desired materials while keeping the structures of the templates.In this paper,we introduce the method to prepare functional materials with biological structure by using morphology genetic principles,list several kinds of the morphology genetic materials prepared by using several typical biological structures as templates and discuss the functional performance of materials with different structural characteristics.

关 键 词：遗态材料 功能材料 生物结构 复合材料 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]