刚柔并济——具有磁敏特性的粘弹性智能材料  

“Couple Hardness with Softness”——Viscoelastic Smart Materials with Magnetic-Sensitive Characteristics

作　　者：余淼[1] YU Miao(Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Technology and Systems,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学光电技术及系统教育部重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2018年第10期791-802,共12页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775064);装备预研教育部联合基金项目(6141A02022108)

摘　　要：将磁性颗粒填充于粘弹性基体中可以制备得到具有磁控特性的粘弹性材料,通过调节外加磁场可以对其物理性能(如力学、电学、光学、热学等性能)进行迅速、连续和可逆的控制。因此磁敏粘弹性材料在振动控制、传感器、声学降噪、电磁屏蔽等领域有着广阔的应用前景。综述了国内外包括磁流变弹性体、磁流变胶、磁流变塑性体等在内的多种磁敏粘弹性材料的研究进展。讨论了各类磁敏粘弹性材料的特点,从材料制备、性能表征、应用研究等方面进行了介绍,并就磁敏粘弹性材料未来的发展进行了展望。The viscoelastic materials with magnetic-control properties can be prepared by filling the magnetic particles in the viscoelastic polymer matrix.By adjusting the applied magnetic field,the physical properties(such as mechanical,electrical,optical,thermal properties et al.)of it can be controlled rapidly,continuously and reversibly.Therefore,the magnetic-sensitive viscoelastic materials have a wide application prospect in the fields of vibration control,sensor,acoustic noise reduction and electromagnetic shielding.This paper reviews the domestic and foreign research progress of magnetic-sensitive viscoelastic materials,including magnetorheological elastomer,magnetorheological gel and magnetorheological plastomer.In this paper,the characteristics of all kinds of magnetic-sensitive viscoelastic materials are discussed,and the materials preparation,characterization and application research are introduced.Finally,the future development of magnetic-sensitive viscoelastic materials is prospected.

关 键 词：智能软材料 粘弹性 磁流变 磁控特性 磁流变弹性体 减振降噪 

分 类 号：O441.6[理学—电磁学]