基于多维度增强增塑的高强塑积第三代汽车用钢的设计与开发  

Research and Development of the Third Generation Steels for Automobile with Ultra-High Strength and Product of Strength and Elongation Based on Strength and Plasticity Enhancement by Multi-Dimensions Mechanisms

作　　者：朱国辉 丁汉林 王晓南 王永强 陈其伟 ZHU Guohui;DING Hanlin;WANG Xiaonan;WANG Yongqiang;CHEN Qiwei(School of Metallurgy Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma anshan 243032,China;School of Iron and Steel,Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma anshan 243032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学冶金工程学院,安徽马鞍山243032 [2]苏州大学沙钢钢铁学院,江苏苏州215021 [3]安徽工业大学材料科学与工程学院,安徽马鞍山243032

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2018年第10期826-836,共11页Materials China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51305285);新金属材料国家重点实验室开放基金项目(2016-Z02);安徽省科技攻关项目(12010202015)

摘　　要：对近年来第三代超高强度高强塑积(抗拉强度1000 MPa以上,强塑积20～30 GPa%)汽车用钢国内外研究现状进行了系统分析。分析表明,目前超高强度条件下的塑性增加的主要技术路线是依靠残余奥氏体增塑。然而,多年的研究实践证明仅依靠残余奥氏体增塑的单一机制难以实现超高强度条件下的高强塑积的目标,导致超高强度汽车用钢虽然经过了近十年的发展,依然未能真正形成规模化工业生产与应用。为实现超高强度条件下的塑性提升,必须从开发新的合金化体系和新的技术路线两个方面入手,突破传统的单一增塑机制。基于理论分析和前期研究,作者团队提出了"多维度增强增塑"机制,即利用第二相粒子(Precipitation)增强增塑和组织合理细化(Refinement)配合多相组织设计(Multiphase)的PRM机制,实现多种增强增塑机制共同作用的复合效应。并以微合金化Cr-Mn系合金体系为研究对象进行了分析讨论。结果表明,立足于现有冷轧退火工艺装备条件,通过新品种和新技术路线的开发,可以实现第三代汽车用钢超高强度条件下的塑性增强,并且低成本、低能耗、可以大规模工业推广和应用,为真正实现第三代汽车用钢的工业生产和应用提供新的思路和方向,同时为解决钢铁材料超高强度条件下的塑性提升的共性问题提供科学依据。The research and development of the third generation automobile steels were summarized and analyzed in this paper.The mechanism for enhancement of elongation at ultra-high level of strength mainly was increasing the volume fraction of retained austenite(RA)in the current researches.However,it is very difficult to be applicable in the industries to achieve the high product of strength and elongation only by the mechanism of RA,resulting in that the third generation automobile steels have not been practically manufactured and applied widely during the past decade.In order to increase the elongation under the condition of ultra-high strength,it is required to combine all of possible mechanisms for plasticity enhancement other than only by RA mechanism,in which the development of new alloying system and new technical route is necessary.Based on the theoretical analysis and primary results,a novel technical route called as“Multi-dimension Mechanism”was proposed,in which the strength and elongation would be increased simultaneously by the combined effect of Precipitation,Refine of microstructure and Multi-phase design(PRM).The primary experimental results were analyzed by taking the newly designed Cr-Mn microalloyed steel as an example.The results illustrated that enhancement of elongation at the ultra-high strength level could be industrially achieved with low-cost,low energy consumption and easily popularizing for the manufacturing and application in the third generation automobile steels based on present cold rolling-annealing processing through new alloy designs and technical routes.Novel ideas have been proposed in the paper,which will be helpful to resolve the key problem of elongation enhancement in the ultra-high strength steels including the third generation automobile steels.

关 键 词：第三代汽车用钢 多维度增强增塑 超高强度 高强塑积 第二相粒子 微合金化 

分 类 号：TG142[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]