中国人身体质量指数的地理性分布  

Geographical distributions of body mass index in Chinese Han

作　　者：宇克莉 郑连斌 李咏兰[2] 席焕久[3] 张兴华 温有峰[3] YU Keli;ZHENG Lianbin;LI Yonglan;XI Huanjiu;ZHANG Xinghua;WEN Youfeng(College of Life Sciences,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance,Tianjin 300387;College of Life Sciences and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022;Institute of Biological Anthropology in Liaoning Medical University Jinzhou 121001)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学生命科学学院,天津市动植物抗性重点实验室,天津300387 [2]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,呼和浩特010022 [3]辽宁医学院生物人类学研究所,锦州121001

出　　处：《人类学学报》2018年第4期653-663,共11页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(30830062)。

摘　　要：2009-2013年测量了中国11个汉语方言族群26954例汉族人的身高、体重值,计算了身体质量指数(I_(bm)),将汉族人的I_(bm)与经度、纬度进行相关分析。研究结果表明:总的说来,随年龄增长,11个方言族群I_(bm)值均呈线性增大,并且年龄组间差异均具有统计学意义。11个族群中,北方话族群I_(bm)值明显大于南方各族群。乡村男性(r=0.671; p<0.01)、乡村女性(r=0.775; p<0.01)、城市男性(r=0.799;p<0.01)、城市女性(r=0.723; p<0.01)的I_(bm)均与纬度呈正相关。研究还发现,乡村男性(r=0.402;p<0.05)、城市男性(r=0.368; p<0.05)I_(bm)均与经度呈正相关,乡村女性(r=0.225; p=0.187>0.05)、城市女性(r=0.043; p=0.820>0.05)I_(bm)与经度无相关。按照I_(bm)均数大于24.0、I_(bm)均数在23.1～24.0之间、I_(bm)均数小于23.0,可以将中国方言族群分成3个层次,中国北方话族群均分布在第1、2层次,南方族群主要分布在第2、3层次,也就是说11个族群大致按照纬度高低顺序依次分布在第1、2、3层次。遗传、环境、饮食、劳作强度等因素都不同程度影响身高、体重,也影响中国人的I_(bm)值。From 2009 to 2013,26954 individuals belonging to 11 ethnic groups with spoken Chinese dialect were analyzed.Stature and weight values were measured,Body mass index(Ibm)was calculated,and the correlation between Ibm and latitude and longitude determined.The results were as follows.As a whole,in the 11 dialect groups Ibm increased linearly with age,and differences between every two age groups were statistically significant.Ibm values of northern dialect groups were larger than southern dialect groups.The results also found that rural male(r=0.671,p<0.01),rural female(r=0.775,p<0.01),urban male(r=0.799,p<0.01),urban female(r=0.723,p<0.01)Ibm values were positively correlated with latitude,while rural male(r=0.402,p<0.05)and urban male(r=0.361,p<0.05)Ibm were positively correlated with longitude.Rural female(r=0.225,p=0.187>0.05)and urban female(r=0.043,p=0.820>0.05)Ibm values were not correlated with longitude.Chinese dialect groups could be divided into three levels according to the standard Ibm average values(larger than 24.0,23.1-24.0,less than 23.0).All the northern dialect groups were located in the first and second level,and most of the southern dialect groups were located in the second and third level.In other words,the 11 dialect groups were distributed across all three levels based on latitude.Heredity,environment,diet, labor intensity and other factors also affect stature and weight,which affects Chinese Ibm values as well.

关 键 词：身体质量指数 纬度 经度 相关 中国人 

分 类 号：Q983[生物学—人类学]