我国农村公共服务供给制度改革的演进轨迹  

The Evolution of Rural Public Service Supply System Reform in China

作　　者：万春[1] 许莉[2] WAN Chun;XU Li;XU Li(School of Economics,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330013,China;School of Finance,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330022,China)

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学经济学院,江西南昌330013 [2]江西师范大学财政金融学院,江西南昌330022

出　　处：《金融教育研究》2018年第6期14-19,共6页Research of Finance and Education

基　　金：江西省社会科学规划项目“养老保险制度城乡统筹--基于江西省新型城镇化过程中农业转移人口市民化的视角”(14YJ14)

摘　　要：新中国成立以来,我国农村公共服务供给制度的历史沿革经历了农业合作化时期、人民公社时期、家庭联产承包责任制至农村税费改革前时期、农村税费改革后时期等四个历史阶段。回顾我国农村公共服务供给制度改革的演进轨迹,可以发现,现行的农村公共服务供给制度虽然经过几个阶段的演进与变迁,仍然存在严重的路径依赖现象:城乡分割的公共服务供给制度固化;制度外筹资长期存在并延续;自上而下供给主导型决策制度,导致农村公共服务供需脱节;农村公共服务政府供给主体能力不足,其他供给主体尚未成熟。需要创新与重构农村公共服务供给制度,实现城乡公共服务一体化,完善财政转移支农资金的监督管理,构建以农民需示为导向的农村公共服务供给决策机制,积极引导农村公共服务供给的市场化改革。Since the founding of new China,the rural public service supply system in China has gone through four historical stages,including the agricultural cooperation period,the people’s commune period,the household contract responsibility system,the period before the reform of rural taxes and fees and the period after the reform of rural taxes and fees.Reviewing the evolution track of the rural public service supply system reform in China,it can be found that although the current rural public service supply system has undergone several stages of evolution and change,there are still serious path dependence phenomena:the system of supply of public services in urban and rural areas solidified;external financing exists and continues for a long time;top-down supply-oriented decision-making system leads to the disconnection of rural public service supply and demand;rural public service government supply main body ability is insufficient,other supply main body is not mature.We need to break through the path dependence,innovate and reconstruct the rural public service supply system,to realize the integration of urban and rural public services,improve the supervision and management of the transfer of funds to support agriculture,establish a decision-making mechanism for rural public service supply oriented by the needs of farmers and actively guide the market-oriented reform of rural public service supply.

关 键 词：农村公共服务 供给制度 改革 

分 类 号：F062.6[经济管理—政治经济学]