黄唇鱼声谱特征的初步分析  

Preliminary analysis of the Bahaba taipingensis' acoustic spectrum characteristics

作　　者：张丝雨 张琳玲 黄洪辉[1] 郭少忠 ZHANG Siyu;ZHANG Linling;HUANG Honghui;GUO Shaozhong(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Dongguan Bahaba Taipingensis Nature Reserve Management Station,Dongguan Marine and Fishery Environmental Monitoring Station,Dongguang 523002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [3]东莞市海洋与渔业环境监测站,东莞黄唇鱼市级自然保护区管理站,广东东莞523002

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2018年第6期34-42,共9页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：广东省省级科技计划项目(2014B030301051)。

摘　　要：文章通过被动声学方法监听黄唇鱼(Bahaba taipingensis)的声音,初步分析了其声谱特征,旨在为黄唇鱼声学无损调查、水下噪声影响分析和发声的生物学行为等物种保护研究提供基础数据。2017年3—5月,用microMARS型声学记录仪对东莞黄唇鱼市级自然保护区室内水族箱和室外2个驯养池中救护驯养的96尾黄唇鱼进行了2个时段、每个时段连续7个昼夜的声学监听。监听到黄唇鱼共发声246次,发出7类声音,分别是类鼓声、咔嚓声、雀鸣声、嗡嗡声、嗒嗒声、嚓咕声和其他声音等。黄唇鱼昼夜发声次数没有明显差异。黄唇鱼发声以类鼓声为主(175次),类鼓声由1～3个脉冲组成,又以单脉冲类鼓声为主(139次)。类鼓声为类正弦波形,能量集中在0～1 000 Hz,声纹与时间轴平行,谱峰中心频率为50～140 Hz。嗒嗒声与类鼓声相似,其能量也集中在0～1 000 Hz,但谱峰中心频率范围为180～190 Hz。嗡嗡声、咔嚓声、雀鸣声和嚓咕声同时包含低频(0～1 000 Hz)与高频(3 000～12 500 Hz)成分。类鼓声时长、脉冲宽度和脉冲间隔范围分别为67～1 333 ms、35～733 ms和0～1 130 ms,平均值分别为279 ms、70 ms和183 ms;类鼓声时长和脉冲间隔随着声信号脉冲数的增加而增长,脉冲宽度则减短。We analyzed the acoustic spectrum of Bahaba taipingensis by monitoring its sound with passive acoustic method to provide basic data for the non-destructive investigation method,underwater noise environment analysis and sounding behavior of B.taipingensis.We carried out acoustic monitoring on 96 individuals of B.taipingensis by microMARS acoustic recorder in the indoor aquarrium and the two outdoor pools of Dongguan B.taipingensis Nature Reserve from March to May in 2017(two periods and each period had 7 days and nights).We had monitored 246 sounds in total,belonging to seven types(drum sound,humming sound,cracking sound,clacking sound,bird sound,cha goo sound and other sounds).No significant difference was observed in the number of sounds between day and night.The drum sound was the main sound of B.taipingensis(175 times).The drum sound was composed of 1-3 pulses,being dominated by a single pulse type of drum(139 times).The drum sound had some sine shaped waveform(energy:0-1 000 Hz),and its voiceprint was parallel to the timeline.The drum sound's spectral frequency peak ranged from 50 Hz to 140 Hz.The energy distribution of cracking sound was similar to that of drum sound(0-1 000 Hz),while the spectral frequency peak was 180-190 Hz.The energy distribution and frequency of the humming sound,cracking sound,birds sound and cha goo sound were both at low frequency(0-1 000 Hz)and high frequency(3 000-12 500 Hz).The pulse length,width and interval of drum sound were 67-1 333 ms,35-733 ms and 0-1 130 ms,respectively(the average values were 279 ms,70 ms and 183 ms,respectively).The length of drum sound and the pulse interval increased with increasing number of pulse of sound signals,while the pulse width decreased.

关 键 词：黄唇鱼 发声行为 声信号 声谱特征 

分 类 号：Q62[生物学—生物物理学]