凉山州主要栽培牧草病害调查及病原菌鉴定  

Disease Investigation and Pathogens Identification of Main Pastures in Liangshan Prefecture

作　　者：刘勇[1] 周俗[1] 陈莉敏[1] 康晓慧[2] 白春海 胡蓉 罗飚 LIU Yong;ZHOU Su;CHEN Li-min(Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu,Sichuan 611731)

机构地区：[1]四川省草原科学研究院,四川成都611731 [2]西南科技大学,四川绵阳621000 [3]四川省凉山州草原站,四川西昌615000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2018年第34期120-126,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划项目"四川主推栽培牧草病害发生机理和综合防控技术研究与示范"(2016NZ0038);四川省应用基础研究项目"四川饲用玉米锈病锈病空间分布及流行规律研究"(2017JY0292);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川饲草创新团队病虫草害岗位资助项目

摘　　要：采用路线调查和定点调查相结合的方法,选择四川省凉山州喜德等5县,对凉山州人工草地牧草病害进行调查,采用科赫法则进行病原菌验证,确定凉山州8种牧草的病害20种,主要分布在盐源县(9种)、昭觉县(9种)和西昌市(8种),布拖县和喜德县分别有6种和5种病害发生;各病害发病率为8.9%～51.2%,其中玉米小斑病发病率最高达51.2%,其次为光叶紫花苕叶斑病和玉米大斑病,分别为46.3%和46.2%;各病害病情指数为2.5～36.8,其中光叶紫花苕白粉病病情指数最高达36.8,玉米小斑病和光叶紫花苕叶斑病次之,分别为33.4和32.3;国内新寄主病害3种,分别为光叶紫花苕斑枯病、白粉病和叶斑病;对主要病害根据其发生规律,提出了防治措施。In this study,we choosed5counties in artificial grassland of Liangshan Prefecture,such as Xide County,then we investigated the grassland disease by using the method of route investigation and site investigation.The pathogen verification was carried out by using the Koch method,and20kinds of diseases were definited in Liangshan County,mainly distributed in Yanyuan County(9kinds)and Zhaojue County(9kinds)and Xichang City(8kinds),there were6kinds of diseases and5kinds of diseases in Butuo County and Xide County respectively.The incidence of all diseases were8.9%-51.2%,the incidence of corn southern leaf blight was the highest among them,it was51.2%,and secondly they were leaf spot of Vicia villosa and corn northern leaf blight,their incidence were46.3%and46.2%respectively.The disease index of all diseases were2.5-36.8,the disease index of powdery mildew of Vicia villosa was the highest among them,it was36.8,and secondly they were corn southern leaf blight and leaf spot of Vicia villosa,their disease index were33.4and32.3respectively.Three kinds of host diseases were identified as new host diseases,they were spot blight,powdery mildew and leaf spot of Vicia villosa Rothvar.The main diseases’prevention and control measures were put forward according to their occurrence rules.

关 键 词：发病率 严重度 病原菌 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]