角接触球轴承对高速主轴变形影响建模与分析  

Modeling and Analyzing of High Speed Spindle Deformation Based on the Angular Contact Ball Bearing

作　　者：邵堃[1] 孔国利 SHAO Kun;KONG Guoli(Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering,Henan Polytechnic,Zhengzhou Henan 450046,China;School of Information Engineering,Zhengzhou Institute of Technology,Zhengzhou Henan 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南职业技术学院机电工程系,河南郑州450046 [2]郑州工程技术学院信息工程学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《机床与液压》2018年第22期16-20,共5页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划项目(2014BAH09F00)

摘　　要：高速主轴在工作过程中易受热变形影响数控机床加工精度,而角接触球轴承作为高速主轴的支承件发挥着巨大的作用。根据Hertz接触力理论,结合角接触球轴承受力平衡以及位移方程,建立角接触球轴承对主轴位移影响的分析模型,然后通过对比用模型计算的轴套位移值与用位移传感器测得的轴套位移值来进行验证;最后分析计算不同转速下轴承内外圈接触力和轴承刚度的影响,以及不同转速下对轴套和主轴位移产生的影响。利用该模型可以设置合理的预紧载荷以及主轴转速,提高轴系的运动定位精度,为轴承预紧量的施加、工作预紧载荷的调整及预紧装置的设计提供参考,弱化轴承塑性变形导致的热变形,从而降低对高速主轴变形位移产生的影响。High speed spindle is easy to be heat and deform that affects the accuracy of CNC machine in the working process,and the angular contact ball bearing,as the supporting part of high-speed spindle,plays an important role.According to Hertz contact force theory,an analysis model that angular contact ball bearing affected the spindle displacement was established with the force balance equation and displacement equation of angular contact ball bearing.Then,the displacement value of the shaft sleeve calculated by using the model was compared with that measured by the displacement sensor to verify.At last,the influence for contact force of inner and outer rings,stiffness of bearing was analyzed and calculated under different speeds,as well as the influence on the shaft sleeve and shaft displacement.The model can be used to set reasonable preload and spindle speed,to improve positioning precision of shafting and to provide reference for bearing preload,working pretightening load adjustment and pretightening device design,weakening the thermal deformation caused by plastic deformation of bearing,which reduces the influence on the deformation of high speed spindle.

关 键 词：数控机床 高速主轴 角接触球轴承 热变形 轴套位移 轴承刚度 

分 类 号：TH133.33[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]