酸、碱胁迫对HB柚生长、光合特性及矿质营养的影响  

Effects of Acid and Alkaline Stresses on the Growth,Photosynthetic Characteristics and Mineral Nutrition of Pummelo ‘HB'

作　　者：周高峰[1] 李碧娴 管冠[1] 姚锋先[1] 刘桂东[1] ZHOU Gaofeng;LI Bixian;GUAN Guan;YAO Fengxian;LIU Guidong(College of Life and Environmental Sciences,National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center,Gannan Normal University,Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000)

机构地区：[1]赣南师范大学生命科学学院/国家脐橙工程技术研究中心,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2018年第11期24-31,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31501717;No.31701871);江西省重点研发计划项目(No.20161BBF60069)

摘　　要：本研究以HB柚(Citrus grandis)实生幼苗为试材,利用盆栽砂培试验进行不同pH处理,研究酸、碱胁迫对其生长、光合特性和矿质营养吸收的影响。结果表明,酸性(pH 4.0)或碱性(pH 8.0)胁迫处理150 d后, HB柚植株的生长受到了显著的抑制,株高、叶面积和生物量均显著低于对照(pH 6.0)。通过根系形态分析,其主根长、总根长、根表面积和根尖数在酸性或碱性条件下均受到显著抑制。同时进行了叶片光合特性分析,发现在酸性或碱性条件下,叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)均受到显著抑制,而胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)却显著上升。进一步矿质营养分析显示,酸性胁迫主要抑制了Ca和Mg吸收,而碱性胁迫则主要抑制了Fe、 Mn和Zn的吸收;表明叶片光合性能的减弱可能是酸、碱胁迫降低了叶片中与光合作用相关的矿质元素的含量导致的。Pummelo‘HB’[Citrus grandis(L.)Osbeck]was pot cultured under different pH treatments to analyze the acid and alkaline stresses on its growth,photosynthetic characteristics and mineral nutrition.The results showed that the growth of Pummelo‘HB’was inhibited significantly after 150 days under acid(pH 4.0)and alkaline(pH 8.0)stresses.The treated Pummelo‘HB’was lower in height,leaf area and biomass than the control(pH 6.0).The root morphological analysis showed that the taproot length,root total length,root surface and root number were inhibited significantly by acid and alkaline stresses.The photosynthetic characteristics analysis showed that the Pn,Gs and Tr were decreased dramatically,but the Ci increased.The mineral nutrition analysis showed that the absorption of Ca and Mg was mainly inhibited by acid stress,while the absorption of Fe,Mn and Zn was mainly inhibited by alkaline stress.The reduced photosynthetic performance was due to the decrease of mineral nutrition under the acid and alkaline stresses.

关 键 词：柑橘 pH值 根系形态 光合特性 矿质营养 

分 类 号：S666.4[农业科学—果树学]