再生障碍性贫血患者自我感受负担及影响因素分析  

Analysis of Self-Perception Burden and Influencing Factors in Patients with Aplastic Anemia

作　　者：吴筱莲[1] 裘益玲[1] 王丽娜[1] 余艳 WU Xiao-lian;QIU Yi-ling;WANG Li-na;YU Yan(Zhejiang Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital)

机构地区：[1]浙江省中医院

出　　处：《医院管理论坛》2018年第12期23-26,共4页Hospital Management Forum

基　　金：2016年浙江省中医药管理局课题;编号:2016ZA082

摘　　要：目的分析影响再生障碍性贫血患者自我感受负担(SPB)的因素。方法选择2014年3月至2017年4月来我院就诊的再生障碍性贫血患者83例,采用一般资料调查量表、自我感受负担量表(SPBS)、简易应对方式量表(SCSQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对患者进行问卷调查,并采用Pearson分析、单因素分析和多元线性回归分析影响再生障碍性贫血患者自我感受负担的主要因素。结果 15.66%的患者无明显自我感受负担,24.10%的患者存在轻度自我感受负担,43.37%的患者存在中度自我感受负担,16.87%的患者存在重度自我感受负担,且患者的身体负担得分为8.22±1.71分,情感负担得分为13.16±2.33分,经济负担得分为11.08±1.96分,自我感受负担总分为32.36±3.14分;再生障碍性贫血患者的积极应对得分为21.03±5.41分,消极应对得分为12.37±4.26分,社会支持得分为43.61±6.87分;经Pearson相关性分析显示,自我感受负担与积极应对和社会支持呈负相关(r=-0.229、-0.234,p=0.038、0.033),与消极应对呈正相关(r=0.264,p=0.016);经单因素分析显示,年龄、文化程度、病程是影响再生障碍性贫血患者自我感受负担的因素;经多元线性回归分析,发现年龄、消极应对、社会支持是影响再生障碍性贫血患者自我感受负担的主要因素。结论再生障碍性贫血患者的自我感受负担水平处于较高水平,且年龄、消极应对方式、社会支持直接影响患者的自我感受负担,应加强对年龄大、心理压力大以及社会支持度低的患者的干预,以减轻患者的自我感受负担水平。Objective To analyze the influencing factors of the self-perception burden(SPB)in patients with aplastic anemia(AA).Methods A total of83AA cases who admitted to our hospital from March2014to April2017were enrolled in the study.They were investigated with general information questionnaire,the self-perception burden scale(SPBS),the simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ),and the social support rating scale(SSRS).We used Pearson correlation,univariate and multivariate regression model to analyze the influencing factors of SPB in AA patients.Results Among all patients,15.66%didn't have SPB,24.10%had mild SPB,43.37%had moderate SPB,and16.87%had severe SPB.The scores of patient's body burden,emotional burden,economic burden were(8.22±1.71),(13.16±2.33),(11.08±1.96),respectively.The total score of SPB was(32.36±3.14).The scores of positive and negative response in AA patients were(21.03±5.41)and(12.37±4.26)respectively.The score of the social support was(43.61±6.87).Pearson correlation showed that SPB was negatively correlated with positive response(r=-0.229,p=0.038)and social support(r=-0.234,p=0.033),and positively correlated with negative response(r=0.264,p=0.016).Univariate regression showed that age,education level and course of disease were related to SPB in AA patients.Multivariate linear regression showed that age,negative response and social support were related to SPB in AA patients.Conclusion AA patients were more likely to have a higher level of SPB.Age,negative response,and social support can directly affect the patient's SPB.Interventions for patients with older age,higher psychological stress and lower social support should be strengthened in order to reduce the SBP level of patients.

关 键 词：再生障碍性贫血 自我感受负担 

分 类 号：R556.5[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病]