三向可调式V型覆土镇压器设计与试验  

Design and experiment on three-way adjustable V-type soil-covering and soil-compacting device

作　　者：陈海涛[1] 徐源[1] 史乃煜 CHEN Haitao;XU Yuan;SHI Naiyu(School of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2018年第11期65-73,共9页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(GARS-04);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201004).

摘　　要：为提高2BMFJ系列原茬地免耕覆秸精量播种机作业过程中覆土镇压及防粘土性能,设计一种兼具覆土、镇压和减粘功能的三向可调式V型覆土镇压器。以超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)防粘材料和仿生学理论为基础,在覆土镇压圆盘触土表面设计一种防粘结构。采用五因素二、三水平混合正交试验,以土壤类型、防粘结构均布个数、覆土镇压器铅垂载荷、土壤含水量和机具作业速度为影响因子,以土壤粘附量和土壤紧实度为响应函数,作参数优化组合试验。结果表明,当参数组合为防粘结构分布个数12、覆土镇压器铅垂载荷≥800 N、土壤含水量≤25%、机具作业速度≤7.2 km·h-1时,在东北黑黏壤土环境下,防粘覆土镇压圆盘土壤粘附量42.9 g、镇压后土壤紧实度40.5 kPa,较金属圆盘镇压器减粘性能提高49.8%;在模拟砂壤土环境中,防粘覆土镇压器镇压后土壤紧实度43.0kPa,金属圆盘覆土镇压器镇压后土壤紧实度38.7 kPa,满足农艺要求。研究结果为2BMFJ系列原茬地免耕播种机覆土镇压器设计提供技术支撑。In order to improve the soil,crack and anti-clay performance during the operation of the2BMFJ series of no-tillage straw precision seed drills,a three-way adjustableⅤ-type soil compactor with both soil covering,cracking and viscosity reduction functions was designed.The device with the functions of soil-covering and soil-compaction could improve the soil moisture content after no tillage and straw covering and simplify the structure of machine.To simplify the structure of the traditional soilsuppression device.With the help of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)anti-adhesive materials and biomimetic results,an anti-adhesive structure was designed on the surface of the soil-pressed disc.At the same time,improve the comprehensive performance of overburden suppression operations,during no-tillage sowing operation.Corresponding technical requirements of2BMFJ series original stubble no-tillage and straw-covering precision seeder.A three-way adjustableⅤtype soil-compacting roller with adjustable soil covering angle was designed,which had functions,such as repression and viscosity reduction.The device was composed of two right and left cone-shaped soilcovering discs.Through the structural design and working principle of the roller.According to the operating conditions of the series of no-till seeders.Determined the principle of the cover of the roller,and the main factors affecting the overall performance of the soil,repression,and viscosity reduction,during the operation of the repressor(Soil type,number of spacers,load,soil moisture content,and operating speed)were all within the range of values.Optimization results indicated,in the north black clay loam environment and the number of spacers was12,the load was≥800N,the soil moisture was≤25%,and the speed was≤7.2km·h^-1.The soil adhesion was42.9g,the soil compaction was40.5kPa.Comparing with metal disk overburden,the agronomic indexes of soil cover thickness and soil compaction of two kinds of disc cover soil presses met the requirements.However

关 键 词：覆土镇压器 免耕覆秸 精量播种机 混合正交试验 参数优化 

分 类 号：O347.7[理学—固体力学] TP391.9[理学—力学]