磁场在骨生物学领域:研究与应用中明确和未明确问题  

Magnetic fields applied in the field of bone biolegy: confirmed and unconfirmed problems

作　　者：张灵玉 江静怡 樊瑜波[1,2] 郑丽沙[1,2] Zhang Lingyu;Jiang Jingyi;Fan Yubo;Zheng Lisha(School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,Beihang University,Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education,Beijing 100083,China;Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering of Beihang University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学生物与医学工程学院生物力学与力生物学教育部重点实验室,北京市100083 [2]北京航空航天大学生物医学工程高精尖创新中心,北京市100083

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2019年第4期584-590,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11572030;11120101001;11421202);项目负责人:郑丽沙;科技部国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0108505;2017YFC0108500)~~

摘　　要：背景:磁场作为非侵入性物理因子,在骨生物学领域已有多年的研究和临床应用历史,具体的影响、机制以及应用方式等还有待深入探索。目的:从动物模型层面、细胞层面、作用机制以及临床应用4个方面综述近年来国内外磁场在骨生物学领域的研究进展和趋势。方法:第一作者检索PubMed、WOS、CNKI和万方数据库2012至2018年的文献,以"磁场,骨折,骨质疏松,关节炎症,骨愈合,成骨细胞,破骨细胞,骨髓间充质干细胞"为中文关键词,以"magnetic fields,bone fracture,osteoporosis/osteopenia,bone healing,bone growth,arthritis,osteoblasts, mesenchyma stem cells"为英文关键词,进行全文检索。初始检索筛选出103篇文献,最终纳入51篇进行综述。结果与结论:(1)磁场可影响骨的代谢平衡,促进骨愈合与骨形成,增强骨的生物力学性能,可加速骨质疏松、骨折不愈合、骨性炎症和软组织损伤等疾病的恢复;(2)磁场与材料、药物、运动等其他方法的共同使用,也具有更好的效果;(3)Wnt、RANK、MAPK等经典信号通路参与磁场介导的成骨作用;(4)然而,磁场促进成骨作用的最佳条件参数和详细的作用机制还要继续探讨;(5)磁场对人体的潜在或长期影响尚未十分明确,在临床应用时应谨慎选择磁场参数。BACKGROUND:As a noninvasive physical factor,magnetic fields have been investigated for many years,and have been applied in clinic for bone biological field.However,their biological effect,underlying mechanism and model of application need to be studied in depth.OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress and trend of magnetic fields in bone biology from four aspects:animal models,cells,mechanism and clinical application.METHODS:The first author searched the literature in PubMed,WOS,CNKI and WanFang databases from 2012 to 2018.The keywords were“magnetic fields,bone fracture,osteoporosis/osteopenia,bone healing,bone growth,arthritis,osteoblasts,mesenchymal stem cells”in English and Chinese,respectively.Totally 103 articles were firstly acquired and finally 51 eligible articles were selected for analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Magnetic fields can affect the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts,regulate bone metabolism and osteogenesis,enhance bone biomechanical properties,as well as accelerate the repair of osteoporosis,non-union fractures,osteoarthritis and soft tissue injuries.The combination of magnetic field and other methods such as materials,drugs,or exercise can improve the curative efficiency.Wnt,RANK,MAPK and other signaling pathways play critical roles in magnetic field-mediated osteogenesis.However,the best conditions for magnetic field to promote osteogenesis and the detailed mechanism require to be further studied.The potential or long-term effects of magnetic field on the human body are not yet fully understood.Importantly,the magnetic field parameters should be carefully chosen in clinical practice.

关 键 词：磁场疗法 骨生成 相对生物学效应 组织工程 磁场 骨折 骨质疏松 成骨细胞 破骨细胞 骨髓间充质干细胞 骨生物学 低频脉冲 静磁场 国家自然基金 

分 类 号：R454.1[医药卫生—治疗学]