翻压紫云英对稻田土壤还原物质变化特征及温室气体排放的影响  

Effects of incorporating Chinese milk vetch on reductive material characteristics and greenhouse gas emissions in paddy soil

作　　者：常单娜 刘春增[3] 李本银[3] 吕玉虎 潘兹亮 高嵩涓[1] 曹卫东[1] CHANG Dan-na;LIU Chun-zeng;LI Ben-yin;Lv Yu-hu;PAN Zi-liang;GAO Song-juan;CAO Wei-dong(Institute of Agriculture Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Institute of Plant Nutrition,Agriculture Resources and Environment Sciences,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Xinyang Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Xinyang 464000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南郑州450002 [4]信阳市农业科学研究所,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《草业学报》2018年第12期133-144,共12页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22);中国农业科学院科技创新工程资助

摘　　要：采用室内培养试验监测紫云英翻压后土壤还原物质和温室气体的动态变化,旨在为紫云英还田造成水稻僵苗及带来的环境效应提供理论依据。结果表明,翻压紫云英显著增加土壤还原性物质总量、活性还原性物质含量、Fe^(2+)和Mn^(2+)含量,显著降低土壤氧化还原电位(Eh)。与对照(CK)相比,翻压紫云英15000(M_1)、30000(M_2)、45000kg·hm^(-2)(M_3)处理土壤还原性物质总量平均值分别增加0.34、0.80、1.16cmol·kg^(-1),土壤活性还原性物质含量平均值分别增加0.14、0.35、0.52cmol·kg^(-1),Fe^(2+)含量平均值分别增加87.91、182.91、280.61mg·kg^(-1),Mn^(2+)含量平均值分别增加10.12、12.77、15.73mg·kg^(-1),Eh平均值分别降低32.88、47.98、57.26mV。还原性物质均在培养近15d时达到高峰,M_3处理Fe^(2+)含量最高超过400mg·kg^(-1),已达到水稻幼苗中毒浓度。翻压紫云英显著增加CO_2、CH_4排放,降低N_2O排放,增加了全球增温潜势(GWP)。与CK相比,M_1、M_2、M_3的CO_2排放速率平均值分别增加7.67、12.48、20.54mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),CO_2累计排放量分别增加171.63、293.42、498.45mg·kg^(-1),CH_4排放速率平均值分别增加0.04、0.09、0.21 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),CH_4累计排放量分别增加0.36、0.69、1.77mg·kg^(-1),N_2O排放速率平均值分别降低0.46、0.64、0.72μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),N_2O累计排放量分别降低10.00、13.02、14.36μg·kg^(-1),M_1、M_2、M_3的GWP平均值分别是CK的1.59、2.04、2.91倍。CO_2、N_2O排放主要集中在培养前期,CH_4排放主要集中在培养后期。还原性物质含量与CO_2、CH_4的排放呈显著正相关,与N_2O排放呈显著负相关。综上,翻压紫云英增加还原性物质含量,促使CO_2、CH_4排放,抑制N_2O排放,增加GWP。实践中翻压紫云英可增加水稻产量,探索适宜紫云英翻压量确保单位水稻产量下的GWP不增加实现增产和环境效应的双赢具有重要实践意义,但这需要通过盆栽和大田试验验�A 28-day laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to explore the environmental impacts of incorporating Chinese milk vetch into paddy soil.Chinese milk vetch was incorporated into soil at rates of 0(CK),15000,30000,and 45000 kg·ha(M 1,M 2,and M 3,respectively),and the dynamic changes in reducing substances and greenhouse gas emissions in paddy soil were monitored.Incorporation of Chinese milk vetch significantly increased the total soil reducing substances,active reductive material,and the concentrations of iron and manganese ions(Fe^2+and Mn^2+)in paddy soil,but decreased the soil redox potential(Eh).Compared with CK,the M 1,M 2,M 3 treatments increased total soil reducing substances by 0.34,0.80,1.16 cmol·kg^-1,respectively;increased the active reductive material content by 0.14,0.35,and 0.52 cmol·kg^-1,respectively;increased the average Fe^2+content by 87.91,182.91,and 280.61 mg·kg^-1,respectively;increased the average Mn^2+content by 10.12,12.77,and 15.73 mg·kg^-1,respectively,and decreased the average Eh by 32.88,47.98,and 57.26 mV,respectively.The total reducing substances content peaked after 0.5 months of incubation.The Fe^2+content in the M 3 treatment increased to>400 mg·kg^-1,which may result in poisoning of rice seedlings.Incorporation of Chinese milk vetch significantly increased CO 2 and CH 4 emissions,but decreased N 2O emissions,and ultimately increased the global warming potential.Compared with CK,the M 1,M 2,M 3 treatments increased the average CO 2 emission rate by 7.67,12.48,and 20.54 mg·kg^-1·d-1,respectively;increased the average accumulative emission of CO 2 by 171.63,293.42,and 498.45 mg·kg^-1,respectively;increased the average CH 4 emission rate by 0.04,0.09,and 0.21 mg·kg^-1·d-1,respectively;increased the average accumulative emission of CH 4 by 0.36,0.69,and 1.77 mg·kg^-1,respectively;decreased the average N 2O emission rate by 0.46,0.64,and 0.72μg·kg^-1·d-1,respectively;and decreased the average accumulative emission of N 2O by 10.00,13.02,and 14.36μg·kg^-1,respe

关 键 词：紫云英 还原性物质 温室气体 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]