基层灾害性天气服务现状及对策  

Current Situation and Countermeasures of Disastrous Weather Service at Basic Level

作　　者：赵虹 车宇轩 徐山山 ZHAO Hong;CHE Yu-xuan;XU Shan-shan(Liuhe District Meteorological Bureau of Nanjing City in Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Jiangsu 211500)

机构地区：[1]江苏省南京市六合区气象局,江苏南京211500

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2018年第23期204-205,208,共3页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：南京市气象局科研项目(NJ201805;NJ201806)

摘　　要：基层台站存在人员少、任务多、学历和培训有限等限制因素,灾害性天气服务给基层带来的压力和挑战就更大。因此,在实际业务工作中,快速对天气形势做出判断,及时向人民群众发布气象预警,对做好防灾减灾工作显得尤为重要。本文从实际工作经验出发,提出了提升灾害性天气服务能力的对策:一是大力发展适用于本地的精细化临近预报预警系统,对短时强对流预报要尽量做到定时、定量、定性;二是大力推广新媒体,保持微博、微信的活跃度,力争解决灾害性天气气象服务的"最后一公里"问题;三是加强分析研判,提高预测水平。另外,就目前灾害性天气服务中存在的问题进行了思考,并提出一系列对策。There are many restrictions in surface observation stations at basic level,including few personnel,heavy tasks,limited education and training,which bring more pressure and challenge for weather services.Therefore,in practical business work,making a quick judgment on the weather situation and sending weather warnings to people timely are particularly important to disaster prevention and mitigation.Based on the actual work experience,this paper proposed the following countermeasures for improving the ability of severe weather service :firstly,it should develop local refined nowcasting warning system,the short-term strong convection should be as regular,quantitative and qualitative as possible;secondly,new media must be vigorously promoted,activity of Weibo and WeChat should be maintained,the "last mile" problem of meteorological weather services should be solved;thirdly,study and judge of weather situation should be strengthened,the forecast level should be improved.In addition,some problems existing in the current disastrous weather service were considered and a series of countermeasures were proposed.

关 键 词：灾害性天气 气象服务 现状 对策 

分 类 号：P429[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]