静电纺树枝状聚乳酸纳米纤维膜的制备及其过滤性能  

Fabrication of polylactic acid tree-like nanofiber membrane and its application in filtration

作　　者：程博闻[1,2] 高鲁[1,2] SARMAD Bushra 邓南平[1,2] 康卫民[1,2] CHENG Bowen;GAO Lu;SARMAD Bushra;DENG Nanping;KANG Weimin(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tianjin Polytechnic University,Tianjin300387,China;State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes,Tianjin Polytechnic University,Tianjin300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387 [2]天津工业大学分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《纺织学报》2018年第12期139-144,共6页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51102178);天津市科技计划项目(13JCZDJC32500,14TXGCCX00014);长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目(IRT13084);全国大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(201510058012).

摘　　要：为开发可用于空气过滤的纳米纤维,利用静电纺丝技术一步法制备了树枝状聚乳酸(PLA)纳米纤维膜,探讨了溶剂种类、四丁基氯化铵(TBAC)添加量和纺丝电压对纤维膜形貌结构和性能的影响,同时研究了TBAC添加量和纤维膜厚度对纤维膜过滤效果的影响。结果表明:溶剂为二氯甲烷,PLA和TBAC质量比为8∶1,纺丝电压为30 kV时,制得的纤维膜树枝状结构最为明显,其断裂应力和品质因数分别为23 MPa和0.068,优于纯PLA纤维膜的5 MPa和0.059;随TBAC质量分数的增加,纤维膜的接触角由118°降低至54.5°;当具有明显树枝状结构的纤维膜厚度从10μm增加至40μm时,过滤效率和压降均增大,且当膜厚度为20μm时,过滤效率达到99.89%,阻力约为96.08 Pa,可满足高效空气过滤需求。In order to develop nanofibers with efficient air filtration performance,polylactic acid(PLA)tree-like nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning.The effects of solvent type,addition amount of tetrabutylammonium chloride(TBAC)and spinning voltage on the morphology and properties of fiber membranes were investigated.In addition,the effect of TBAC addition and fiber membrane thickness on filtration efficiency was also studied.The results show that when the solvent is dichloromethane,the PLA/TBAC mass ratio is 8∶1,and the spinning voltage is 30 kV,the fiber membrane has obvious tree-like structure.The fracture stress and quality factor of fiber membrane with obvious tree-like structure are 23 MPa and 0.068,respectively,which is higher than 5 MPa and 0.059 of the pure PLA fiber membrane.With the increase of the TBAC content,the contact angle of fiber membrane decreases from 118°to 54.5°.For PLA nanofiber membranes with distinct tree-like structure,when the thickness of the fiber membrane increases from 10μm to 40μm,both filtration efficiency and pressure drop increase,especially,when the film thickness is 20μm,the filtration efficiency of the fiber membrane is 99.89%,and the resistance is about 96.08 Pa,which can meet the demand for efficient air filtration.

关 键 词：静电纺丝 聚乳酸 树枝状纳米纤维 过滤性能 

分 类 号：TS102.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]