基于改进蚁群算法模型的三维火灾动态疏散策略  

Three-Dimensional Dynamic Fire Evacuation Strategy Based on Improved Ant Colony Algorithm Model

作　　者：傅军栋[1] 黄鹿鸣 刘武[1] 陈俐[1] Fu Jundong;Huang Luming;Liu Wu;Chen Li(School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学电气与自动化学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《华东交通大学学报》2018年第6期96-102,共7页Journal of East China Jiaotong University

摘　　要：提出了一种基于改进蚁群算法模型的三维火灾动态疏散策略,解决复杂建筑群体内发生火灾时存在的人员疏散问题。该方法首先使用栅格法对设计的建筑物进行三维环境建模;然后使用改进生物启发式蚁群算法对发生火灾时的疏散路线进行自动规划,得出最短的疏散路径;最后针对火情点动态扩散的特性,实时规划出最佳的人员疏散路线。该方法不仅对蚁群算法模型进行了改进,而且于算法中增加目标启发函数和回退策略,一定程度上缩短了路径搜索的时间和提高算法运行效率。仿真实验结果证明了该策略在三维火灾动态疏散的有效性。The3-D dynamic fire evacuation strategy based on the improved ant colony algorithm was proposed in this paper to solve the issue of emergency evacuation when fires occur in complex buildings.Firstly,the grid method was adopted to establish3-D environment model for the designed building.Then,by using the improved bio-heuristic ant colony algorithm,evacuation routes were automatically mapped out to obtain the shortest evacuation route.Finally,the best evacuation route was planned according to the dynamic diffusion characteristics of fire points.This approach not only improved the ant colony algorithm model,but also added the target heuristic function and fallback strategy,which,to a certain degree,shortens the time of path searching and improves the efficiency of the algorithm.The simulation results show that this strategy is effective in terms of3-D fire evacuation.

关 键 词：火灾动态疏散 三维环境建模 改进生物启发式蚁群算法 火情点 疏散路线 

分 类 号：TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]