三种鲍在自然海区养殖度夏的试验比较  

Comparison of the growth and survival rate of three cultured abalone varieties in natural sea areas during the summer

作　　者：陈志森 CHEN Zhisen(Quanzhou Fisheries Technology Station,Quanzhou362000,China)

机构地区：[1]泉州市水产技术站,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《渔业研究》2018年第6期490-495,共6页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：2015年泉州市海洋与渔业专项经费(泉财指标[2015]793号)

摘　　要：皱纹盘鲍是福建省重要的养殖贝类之一。但是近年来,作为从北方冷水水域引进的物种,在夏季高温、自然海区养殖时常常出现大规模死亡,给养殖户造成巨大损失。2016年泉州市水产技术站引进厦门大学通过杂交培育出的绿盘鲍和西盘鲍新品种(系)进行试验,在自然海区养殖中比较不同鲍品种(系)之间的高温耐受性和生长情况。结果表明,经过一个夏天(最高水温30. 6℃)的养殖,绿盘鲍和西盘鲍的存活率分别为65. 60%、76. 67%,比皱纹盘鲍存活率(36. 00%)分别高出82%和113%。养殖15个月后,绿盘鲍和西盘鲍的平均湿体重达到89. 24和67. 96 g,分别比皱纹盘鲍高81%和37%。综上,绿盘鲍在生长和存活率上均表现出了明显优势,是适宜南方养殖的鲍新品系之一。Haliotis discus hannai is one of the most important cultured shellfish in Fujian Province,which was introduced from the northern cold water areas.However,in recent years,large-scale mortality of H.discus hannai often occurred when it was cultured in Fujian natural sea areas during high temperature period in summer,which led to great losses to farmers.In order to find an alternative variety with better tolerant ability to high temperature,Quanzhou Fisheries Technology Station introduced two new varieties of abalone,named Lüpan abalone and Xipan abalone which were bred by abalone researchers in Xiamen University in 2016.In this study,we tested and compared the high temperature tolerance and growth of the two new varieties with H.discus hannai.The survival rates of Lüpan abalone and Xipan abalone were 65.60%and 76.67%respectively by the end of summer,82%and 113%higher than H.discus hannai(36.00%),respectively.After 15 months of culture,the average wet weight of Lüpan abalone and Xipan abalone reached 89.24g and 67.96g respectively,which was 81%and 37%heavier than H.discus hannai.In summary,Lüpan abalone showed obvious advantages in the growth and survival rate,which was considered as an alternative abalone variety to solve the problem of high summer mortality in H.discus hannai culture in southern China.

关 键 词：绿盘鲍 西盘鲍 养殖 度夏 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]