西南地区冬水田剖面的微生物空间分异规律  

Spatial Differentiation of Microorganisms in Profiles of Flooded Paddy Field in Southwest China

作　　者：张建 申思 万琪慧 李宁宁 蒋先军[1] 罗红燕[1] ZHANG Jian;SHEN Si;WAN Qihui;LI Ningning;JIANG Xianjun;LUO Hongyan(College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2018年第6期315-320,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41301315);重庆市自然科学基金项目(Cstc2012JJA80024)

摘　　要：为研究冬水田土壤基本理化性质对微生物多样性和冬水田生态系统功能与结构的作用,以西南地区3个不同样地的冬水田为研究对象,采用烘干法、电位法、静态室内培养法、稀释涂布平板法和氯仿熏蒸法对土壤理化和生物学指标进行检测。结果表明:(1)各样地含水量均沿垂直深度逐渐降低,pH为6.3～7.1,呈微酸—中性生境,铵态氮(NH4+—N)含量总体呈现为合川区冬水田>沙坪坝区冬水田>北碚区紫色土基地,且表层(0—10cm)>亚表层(10—20cm)>底层(20—40cm),整体为36.97～52.02mg/kg,3种冬水田各土层硝态氮(NO3-—N)含量差异不显著(2.13～2.61mg/kg)。(2)微生物量碳(MBC)和微生物量氮(MBN)含量呈现为北碚区紫色土基地>合川区冬水田>沙坪坝区冬水田,不同层次表现为表层(0—10cm)>亚表层(10—20cm)>底层(20—40cm)。(3)各样地间微生物丰度表现为细菌>放线菌>真菌,微生物数量沿土层垂直深度降低,各土层细菌、放线菌和真菌数量均呈极显著负相关(p<0.01),不同样地间表现为合川区冬水田>沙坪坝区冬水田>北碚区紫色土基地。In order to study the effect of the basic physicochemical properties on microbial diversity,three different flooded paddy in the Southwestern China were selected.Drying method,potential metric method,static indoor culture method,diluted coating plate method and chloroform fumigation method were used to test the soil physicochemical and biological indexes.The results indicated that:(1)The water content of each sample area gradually reduces along the vertical depth.The pH value was between6.3~7.1from slightly acidic to neutral.Ammonium nitrogen(NH4+-N)content ranged as Hechuan flooded paddy field>Shapingba flooded paddy field>Beibei purple soil base,and the surface(0-10cm)>subsurface stratum(10-20cm)>bottom(20-40cm),while the overall content was36.97~52.02mg/kg.The difference of nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N)in three kinds of flooded paddy fields was not significant(2.13~2.61mg/kg).(2)The content of microbial biomass carbon(MBC),microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN)in Beibei purple soil base was the most,followed by Hechuan flooded paddy field,and Shapingba flooded paddy field,while the content of MBC and MBN decreased with the increase of soil depth.(3)The microbial abundance showed the trend of bacteria>actinomycetes>fungi,and decreased with the increase of soil depth.The Pearson relationship analysis showed that the abundance of soil bacteria,actinomycetes and fungi had a significant negative relationship with each other(p<0.01).The microbial abundance showed the trend as Hechuan flooded paddy field>Shapingba flooded paddy field>Beibei purple soil base.

关 键 词：冬水田 微生物量 微生物数量 土壤基本性质 

分 类 号：S154.34[农业科学—土壤学]