不同白榆品系对滨海盐碱地的改良效果及盐分离子的分布与吸收  

Improvement Effects of Different Ulmus Pumila Strains on Coastal Saline Alkali Soil and Distribution and Absorption of Salt Ions

作　　者：张梦璇[1] 董智[1] 李红丽[1] 王强 梁玉[3] 韩秀峰[1] ZHANG Mengxuan;DONG Zhi;LI Hongli;WANG Qiang;LIANG Yu;HAN Xiufeng(Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of SoilErosion and Ecological Restoration, Taishan Forestry Ecosystem Research Station, Tai’an, Shandong 271018;Shandong Project Management Office,Jinan 250014;Shandong Academy of Forestry, Jinan 250014)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学林学院,山东省土壤侵蚀与生态修复重点试验室,泰山森林生态系统定位研究站,山东泰安271018 [2]山东林业外资与工程项目管理站,济南250014 [3]山东省林业科学研究院,济南250014

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2018年第6期340-345,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500504);欧洲投资银行贷款山东沿海防护林建设项目(SCSFP-JC);山东省林业科技创新项目(LYCX03-2018-17)。

摘　　要：为揭示不同白榆(Ulmus pumila L.)品系对滨海盐碱地土壤盐分的改良作用及盐分离子在土壤-白榆系统中的分布与吸收特征,筛选适宜在滨海盐碱地造林的耐盐白榆品系,以中度盐渍化生境下4年生的6种白榆品系(1,5,28,30,46,105号)为试验材料,采用野外取样与室内测试相结合的方法,研究了Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+等盐离子在土壤及白榆品系各器官(根、茎、叶)中的分布特征。结果表明:(1)白榆可降低滨海盐碱地土壤中盐离子及全盐含量,不同白榆品系较对照的土壤全盐含量降低了55.0%～63.1%,30号白榆降幅最大。(2)不同白榆品系将Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+优先积累到叶中,且叶中维持较高的K+/Na+、Ca2+/Na+、Mg2+/Na+比值,不同白榆品系通过建立新的离子平衡以适应盐胁迫环境。(3)不同白榆品系的离子吸收选择性系数均为SK,Na>SCa,Na>SMg,Na,其对K+的吸收选择性大于对Ca2+、Mg2+吸收选择性;种内差异导致不同白榆品系对Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+吸收选择能力不同,28号白榆根系对K+的吸收性最强,5号白榆根系对Ca2+、Mg2+的吸收性最强。In order to reveal the improvement effects of different Ulmus pumila strains on soil salt in coastal saline alkali land and the distribution and absorption characteristics of salt ions in the soil:Ulmus pumila system,and to select the salt tolerant Ulmus pumila strains for afforestation in coastal saline alkali soil,six species of Ulmus pumila(No.1,5,28,30,46,105respectively)with4years old under moderate saline habitat were taken as test materials.Through field sampling and lab analysis,the distribution characteristics of salt ions(Na+,K+,Ca2+,Mg2+)in roots,stems,leaves of Ulmus pumila and soils were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)Ulmus pumila could significantly reduce the total salt contents of coastal saline alkali land,and the salt contents under different Ulmus pumila strains were55.0%~63.1%lower than that of the control,Ulmus pumila of No.30gave the biggest reduction.(2)All the Ulmus pumila accumulated Na+,K+,Ca2+and Mg2+preferentially in the leaves,and high K+/Na+,Ca2+/Na+and Mg2+/Na+ratios were maintained in leaves.Ulmus pumila could adapt to salt stress by establishing new ionic equilibrium.(3)The absorption selectivity coefficients for all different Ulmus pumila strains were S K,Na>S Ca,Na>S Mg,Na.The absorption selectivity of K+was greater than those of Ca2+and Mg2+.Different Ulmus pumila strains had different absorption ability for Na+,K+,Ca2+and Mg2+,among which No.28had the highest absorbency to K+,And No.5had the strongest absorbency to Ca2+and Mg2+.

关 键 词：滨海盐碱地 白榆 可溶性盐离子 离子吸收选择性 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]