制定“立法标准法”的必要性、可行性及原则  

Argument on the Necessity,Feasibility and Formulation Principles of the Enactment of“Legislative Standard Law”

作　　者：侯淑雯[1,2] Hou Shuwen

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学 [2]中国法学会立法学研究会

出　　处：《地方立法研究》2018年第5期11-25,共15页Local Legislation Journal

摘　　要：中国改革开放后经过近40年的立法,已从规模立法进入精细立法阶段,相关立法主体积累了丰富的立法经验,其中包括技术经验。及时地把一些行之有效的技术要求用立法的形式固定下来,用以规范所有的立法主体,使我国立法统一在一致的标准体系中,使整体水平得到提高,是这个阶段立法的当务之急。我国应当将全国人大常委会法工委长期以来用以指导立法活动的内部规定和国务院颁布的相关技术规范加以整合,使之成为一部有着较高位阶、对我国所有立法主体均能发挥规范效力的"立法标准法",以指导当前各级各类立法主体的立法行为。制定"立法标准法"具有必要性、可行性,应当将"立法标准法"作为《立法法》的下位法,集中规定立法中的技术问题。同时,"立法标准法"应当从技术规范角度设定立法责任,以此来弥补《立法法》无法律责任的问题,并采取"可统一规范原则""小体量原则"和"不设下位法原则"。After nearly 40years of Reform and Opening,the legislation in China has transformed from the massive legislation into refined legislation stage.Meanwhile the relevant legislative subjects have accumulated rich legislative experience,which include the technical experience.It is an urgent task to fix some effective technical requirements through legislation timely in order to standardize all legislative subjects,thus our legislation can be unified in a consistent standard system and the overall level of legislation can be improved.Based on this thinking,the author proposed the enactment of"Legislative Standard Law",suggesting to integrate the internal regulations used to guide legislative activities by the Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress and the relevant technical specifications promulgated by the State Council,in order to make it become a high-level legislation which has normative effect on all legislative subjects in China to guide the legislative actions of various legislative subjects at all levels.This paper explains the necessity and feasibility of the enactment of this law and demonstrate some relevant principles starting from the positioning and concept of"Legislative Standard Law".The"Legislative Standard Law"shall be a lower level law of the Legislation Law,focusing on the technical issues in legislation,and it should also set legislative responsibility from the perspective of technical norms in order to make up for the absence of the legislative responsibility in the Legislation Law.The"Legislative Standard Law"may have the following principles:uniform specification,small volume and no set of lower level law.

关 键 词：立法技术 精细化立法 立法标准 立法技术规范整合 

分 类 号：D920.0[政治法律—法学]