农村已婚妇女性健康影响因素  

Influence factors of Sexual Health of Married Women in Rural Areas

作　　者：杨爽 陈丹 周郁秋 才运江 秦孟男 季凌莉 YANG Shuang;CHEN Dan;ZHOU Yuqiu;CAI Yunjiang;QIN Mengnan;JI Lingli(Nursing College,Harbin Medical University Daqing Campus,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China;Obstetrics and Gynecology,General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学大庆校区护理学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]中国石油大庆油田总医院妇产科

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2018年第6期114-118,共5页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(15YJCZH003)

摘　　要：目的 了解农村已婚妇女的性健康相关知识、态度和行为现状,并分析其影响因素,为制定有针对性的干预策略提供科学依据。方法 整群抽取黑龙江省12个自然村的1200名农村已婚妇女作为调查对象,应用自编“农村妇女性健康状况调查问卷”进行一对一问卷调查。结果 农村已婚妇女性知识总体知晓率为8.13%,其中怀孕流产知识、性病知识和避孕知识的知晓率分别为13.58%、7.63%和6.39%。21.47%的农村妇女反感性生活,40.28%的农村妇女对性仍然持保守态度,39.13%的农村妇女社会性别意识较弱。自报最近一年无性生活的农村妇女占9.67%,61.14%的农村妇女从未使用过避孕套,6.12%的农村妇女自报发生过婚前性行为。多因素Logistics回归分析发现年龄(P=0.029)、文化程度(P均<0.05)是农村妇女避孕知识知晓率低的影响因素。年龄(P均<0.05)、文化程度(P均<0.05)、职业(P=0.012)、家庭年收入(P均<0.05)、家庭决定权(P=0.012)及夫妻关系(P均<0.05)是农村妇女性健康态度及性健康行为的重要影响因素。结论 农村妇女性健康状况不容乐观,社会相关部门应重点关注高年龄、低学历、收入水平低的农村妇女,有针对性的开展性健康宣传教育并提供安全有效的卫生保健服务,以切实可行的改善农村妇女的性健康状况。Objective To understand rural married women’s sexual health knowledge,attitude,behavior status,analyze influence factors,and provide scientific evidence for the targeted intervention strategies. Methods Cluster sampling method was used to interview 1 200 rural married women from 12 different villages in the Heilongjiang Province.A self-made“questionnaire with regard to the sexual health of rural women”was conducted on the one-to-one basis. Results (1)For the rural married women,the total awareness rate about sexual health knowledge was 8.13%,the percentage of the knowledge about pregnancy and abortion,about sexually transmitted diseases and about contraception was 13.58%,7.63%and 6.39%respectively.(2)21.47%of rural women were disgusted toward sexual behavior,40.28%of rural women stayed conservative toward sex,and 39.13%of rural women had weaker gender awareness.(3)According to the survey,9.67%of rural women did not have sexual intercourse up to one year,61.14%of rural women never used condoms,6.12%of rural women self-reported that they had premarital sex.(4)Based on the logistics analysis of regression,it was found that both the level of education(OR=0.433-0.822,average P<0.05)and age(OR=0.450,P=0.029)played a significant role in the lower awareness rate of the knowledge about contraception.There were several important factors influencing the sexual attitude and healthy sexual behavior for rural women,such as:age(OR=0.042-11.464,average P<0.05),the level of education(OR=0.472-0.722,average P<0.05),the occupation(OR=0.437,P=0.012),the annual household income(OR=0.254-0.531,average P<0.05),the family decision rights(OR=0.401-0.531,P=0.012)and the conjugal relationships(OR=1.351-10.927,average P<0.05). Conclusion Rural women’s sexual health condition is not optimistic.Various social departments should pay attention to rural women with higher age,lower level of education,lower income,not only should the promotion of targeted sexual health be carried out,but also the safe and effective health care service shou

关 键 词：性健康 影响因素 现况调查 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]