某三级甲等医院适龄女职工二胎生育意愿及其影响因素分析  

Investigation on the Intention and Influencing Factors of Second Child Birth for the Fertile Women from a Third-grade Class-A Hospital

作　　者：卢纯玲[1] 邓东[1] 周健美[1] LU Chunling;DENG Dong;ZHOU Jianmei(Department of Disease Prevention and Health Care,Tianjing Medical University General Hospital,Tianjing,300052,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院预防保健科,天津300052

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2018年第6期593-595,共3页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：天津市科技支撑项目(142CZDSY00179)

摘　　要：目的了解"全面放开二胎"以来适龄妇女生育二胎的意愿及影响二胎生育的相关因素。方法通过对天津市某三级甲等综合医院数据资料进行筛选并结合问卷调查,获得适龄女职工生育数据,并进行统计学分析。结果 2016年1月1日—2017年12月31日期间,该医院已生育的适龄女职工共1 092名,该时间范围内,实际生育二胎的53人(4.85%)。因素分析显示,影响二胎生育的可能因素为适龄母亲年龄、家庭年收入及头胎妊娠或生育异常。生育二胎的母亲年龄集中在31～40岁间,家庭收入集中在20万/年～60万元/年之间。问卷结果显示,影响二胎生育的主要因素为家庭经济收入、自身年龄、工作发展以及生育观念等因素,与数据库分析结果相符。结论在目前国家"全面开放二胎"政策的短时间内,医院二胎生育率并未显著提升,但生育二胎母亲呈年龄增大的趋势。生育意愿来自于宏观的社会政策及文化、微观的个人及家庭等多方面作用的结果,建议采取允许妊娠妇女带薪休假、降低养育成本等措施,实现人口的健康发展。Objective To explore the actual situation and influencing factors of the 2 nd child birth since the full implentation of the two-child policy.Methods The survey was carried out by calculating the birth rate from the database and performing questionnaires in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital.Data were collected and statistically analyzed.Resluts From Jan 1 st 2016 to Dec 31 st 2017,1 092 women who already had their first child birth were enrolled in this study.53(4.9%)women underwent their second child birth during the study designed interval.Univariable analysis was performed and the results demonstrated that multiple factors affected women’s intention of the second child birth,mainly including fertile women’s age,family financial income and abnormal first child pregnant/birth.The actual age duration for fertile women was 31~40 years,and annual family income ranged from 200-600 thousand RMB.Questionaire results showed that family income,fertile women’s age,job status and philosophy on child birth were associated with the intention of second child birth.These results were in accordance with those of database analysis.Conclusion The actual second child birth is not increased in the short time since the two-child policy was put forward.The age of the mothers bearing the second child has the increasing trend.The intention of second child birth is influenced by multiple factors,such as national regulation,social culture,family and individual status.Multiple policies should be recommended to achieve a health national population,such as increasing paid vacation for fertile women and reducing upbringing cost.

关 键 词：计划生育 二胎 独生子女 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]