核桃“3414”肥料效应试验及推荐施肥量的回归分析  

“3414” fertilization tests and regression analysis of recommended fertilizer amount of walnut

作　　者：彭少兵[1] 成艳霞 董文浩 刘杜玲[1] PENG Shaobing;CHENG Yanxia;DONG Wenhao;LIU Duling(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《经济林研究》2018年第4期27-32,共6页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：陕西省农业攻关项目(2014K01-10-01);西北农林科技大学试验示范站(基地)科技成果推广项目(TGZX2015-36;TGZX2016-18)

摘　　要：为了探寻最适养分施用量和最佳施肥方案,从而提高核桃产量和培肥土壤,为核桃生产中的科学施肥提供技术指导,以陕西省黄龙县栽培的‘香玲’核桃树为试验材料,采用"3414"试验设计进行了施肥效应试验,并结合试验田的基础地力水平,采用两种方法对核桃产量与肥料用量之间的关系进行了回归分析,得出了N、P2O5、K2O这3种肥料的最佳用量。结果表明:不同的施肥量对核桃产量的影响很大,缺肥或少肥都会影响核桃产量,与对照相比各施肥处理的核桃产量均有提高,其中处理6(N2P2K2)的产量最高;而且,在这3种肥料的互作效应中,N、P、K的互作效应最高,其次为N与K、N与P、P与K的互作效应。由回归方程计算得出的N、P2O5、K2O的最高施用量分别为1.009 1、0.190 4、1.227 6 kg·株-1,最佳施用量分别为0.987 5、0.1648、1.226 0 kg·株-1,最高和最佳产量分别为8.373、8.368 kg·株-1。N、P2O5、K2O含量与产量的一元二次拟合方程的拟合程度均较好(R2值均较大),但在此3种养分施用量与产量的一元二次效应方程的相关关系中,N、P2O5、K2O都没有达到显著水平。以两种拟合方程计算得到的结果相近,考虑到既要高产又能培肥土壤的目的,该研究以采用三元二次效应方程拟合的养分推荐施用量作为核桃试验地施肥的标准用量。In order to research the suitable fertilizer amount and the best fertilization plan,to increase walnut yieldand fertilize soil,and to provide some technical guides for walnut production,‘Xiangling’in Huanglong County ofShaanxi was used as test materials,fertilization tests were carried out by3414test plan,relation of wulnut yield andfertilizer amount were analyzed by two methods of regression analysis based on basic soil fertility level of test field,andthe optimum dosages of three fertilizers of N,P2O5and K2O.The results showed that different amount of fertilizationhad a great effect on walnut yield,and walnut yield was always affected by lack of fertilizer or little fertilizer.Walnutyield in the treatments was increased compared with the control,and that in treatment6(N2P2K2)was the highest.Inthe interaction effects of three kinds of fertilizers,the interaction effect of N,P and K was the highest,followed by theinteraction effects of N and K,N and P,P and K.The maximum application amount of N,P2O5and K2O were1.0091,0.1904and1.2276kg per plant,respectively.The optimum application amount were0.9875,0.1648and1.2260kg perplant,respectively.The highest and the best yields were8.373and8.368kg per plant,respectively.Fitting degree of thequadratic effect equation of yield and contents of N,P2O5and K2O(R2values were relatively high),but N,P2O5,and K2Ocontents didn’t reach significant levels in the correlation of the quadratic effect equation of the three nutrient application amount and yield.The obtained results based on the two kinds of fitted equations were close.Taking into account bothhigh yield and fertilized soil,the recommended nutrient application amount fitted by the ternary quadratic effect equationwas used as the standard for fertilization in walnut test field.

关 键 词：早实核桃 施肥量 产量 “3414”试验设计 回归分析 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学] S606[农业科学—园艺学]