甘肃沿黄灌区30个枣树品种光合及水分利用特性  

Photosynthetic and water use characteristics of 30 cultivars of jujube in Yellow River irrigation regions of Gansu

作　　者：张露荷 黄华梨 张广忠 王延秀 戚建莉 赵晓芳 胡秉芬 朱红斌 ZHANG Luhe;HUANG Huali;ZHANG Guangzhong;WANG Yanxiu;QI Jianli;ZHAO Xiaofang;HU Bingfen;ZHU Hongbin(Gansu Research Academy of Forestry Science and Technology, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China;College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省林业科学研究院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《经济林研究》2018年第4期160-164,共5页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201304702);2016年度甘肃省林业科技计划项目(2016kj048);甘肃省林业厅林业推广项目"甘肃长江流域干热河谷区鲜食枣良种筛选及试验示范与推广"

摘　　要：为给甘肃沿黄灌区枣树良种筛选提供一定的理论依据,以30个4年生引进枣树品种为研究对象,测定并比较了叶片光合生理和植物水分利用效率等指标。结果表明,制干及干鲜兼用枣的骏枣、金谷大枣、金昌1号、灰枣和新郑灰枣的净光合速率和水分利用效率均高;不落酥、马铃枣、尜尜枣和冷白玉等鲜食枣的净光合速率分别为13.89、15.03、12.94和12.67μmol/(m2·s),水分利用效率均高达2.28以上;与净光合速率的相关系数由高到低依次为蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度;与气孔导度的相关系数由高到低依次为:胞间CO2浓度、净光合速率、蒸腾速率。单从光合生理和水分利用效率角度考虑,该地区制干及干鲜兼用枣推荐栽种骏枣、金谷大枣、金昌1号、灰枣和新郑灰枣;鲜食枣推荐不落酥、马铃枣、尜尜枣和冷白玉;葫芦枣、磨盘枣和胎里红3种观赏枣均可栽种。In order to provide some theoretical bases for selecting jujube cultivars in Yellow River irrigation regions of Gansu,using304-year-old jujube cultivars as research objects,some indexes of photosynthetic physiology and plant water use efficiencies of leaves were measured and compared.The results showed that net photosynthetic rates and water use efficiencies of Junzao,Jingudazao,Jinchang No.1,Huizao and Xinzheng Huizao were high;net photosynthetic rates of fresh eating jujube cultivars,including Buluosu,Malingzao,Gagazao and Lengbaiyu,were13.89,15.03,12.94and12.67μmol/(m^2·s)respectively,and water use efficiencies were higher than2.28.Based on correlation coefficients with net photosynthetic rate from high to low,the order was transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2concentration.Based on correlation coefficients with stomatal conductance from high to low,the order was intercellular CO2concentration,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate.In view of photosynthetic physiology and water use efficiency,it was recommended to plant Junzao,Jingudazao,Jinchang No.1,Huizao and Xinzheng Huizao in the dried cultivars and dried&fresh eating cultivars in these regions and to plant Buluosu,Malingzao,Gagazao and Lengbaiyu in the fresh eating jujube,and the ornamental cultivars of Huluzao,Mopanzao and Tailihong could be planted.

关 键 词：枣树 光合 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]