热水浸种对文冠果种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of soaking in hot water on germination and growth of Xanthoceras sorbifolius seeds

作　　者：吴玉霞 王海峰 姜继元[2] 苏强兵 WU Yuxia;WANG Haifeng;JIANG Jiyuan;SU Qiangbing(College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu,China;Forestry and HorticultureResearch Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agriculture and Reclamation Science, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]新疆农垦科学院林园研究所,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《经济林研究》2018年第4期165-169,共5页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金项目(1610RJZA099);甘肃农业大学"盛彤笙科技创新基金"项目(GSAU-STS-1639)

摘　　要：文冠果实生繁殖中种子发芽率低与出苗不整齐是影响苗木培育和规模化生产的主要原因,研究生产中简单有效的文冠果种子催芽方法,以降低催芽成本,提高萌芽率,对苗木的培育具有重要的实践意义。以野生文冠果为材料,采用热水浸种和机械破坏种皮相结合的催芽方法,研究其对种子萌芽及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:热水浸种和机械破坏种皮的方法均能使种子提早萌发,提高萌芽率,均有助于文冠果打破种子休眠。研究发现,种子集中萌芽时期在播后30 d左右,采用60和70℃的热水浸种对促进种子萌芽的效果最好,发芽率分别为47.78%和45.56%,均为对照的10倍多,且发芽势和发芽指数均高,幼苗长势较好。在相同浸种水温条件下,机械破坏种皮的种子其萌芽效果不及完整种子,且配合浸种的水温不宜超过80℃。In breeding Xanthoceras sorbifolia,low germination rate and irregularly seed sprouting were the main reasons affecting cultivation and large-scale production of seedlings.It has an important practical significance for seedling cultivation to find a simple and effective method of accelerating germination in production.It could reduce cost of accelerating germination and increase germination rate.Using wild X.sorbifolia as materials,effects of soaking seed in hot water and damaged seed coat with mechanical method on seed germination and seedling growth were researched.The results showed that the methods of soaking seed in hot water and damaged seed coat with mechanical method could make seeds sprout early and increase germination rate,which help break seed dormancy in X.sorbifolia.The study found that seed germination period concentratedon about the 30th day after sowing.Soaking treatment in 60 and 70℃ hot water had the best effect on seed germination,and germination rates were 47.78% and 45.56%,respectively,which was10times higher than CK.Germination potential and germination index were higher in the treatments,and seedling growth status was better.Under the same seed soaking temperature,germination effects of seeds in the treatments of damaged seed coat with mechanical method were worse than that of intact seed,and the water temperature for soaking seed should be below80℃.

关 键 词：文冠果 热水浸种 打破休眠 萌芽 

分 类 号：S604.1[农业科学—园艺学]