中美棉花补贴政策的对比分析及经验借鉴  

Comparative analysis and experience of cotton subsidy policy between China and America

作　　者：马琼[1,2] 王彦发 侯玉龙 MA Qiong;WANG Yan-fa;HOU Yu-long(College of Economics and Management, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China;South Xinjiang Institute of Economic and Social Development, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学经济与管理学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学南疆经济社会发展研究院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2018年第11期167-172,共6页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(15XJY014)

摘　　要：美国是全球第一大棉花出口国和第三大棉花生产国,对全球贸易格局和棉花市场有重要影响。为促进本国棉花产业发展,美国政府先后制定与调整了棉花补贴政策,从而在确保棉农收益的同时避免与WTO规则相冲突。基于此,当前我国棉花补贴政策也正值全面调整改革之际,梳理并对比分析两国棉花补贴政策。结果表明:美国棉花补贴政策在遭巴西诉败后呈明显的"绿箱化"特征方向完善,商品计划和农业风险保障计划共同构成了"收入安全网";中国棉花补贴政策仍表现为明显的"黄箱化"特征,在保障棉农增收、符合WTO规则等的风险保障政策仍显不足。通过对比分析两国棉花补贴政策对完善我国棉花补贴政策提供经验借鉴。The United States is the global largest cotton exporter and third largest cotton producer,which has an important impact on the global trade pattern and cotton market.In order to promote the development of cotton industry,the United States government had formulated and adjusted the cotton subsidy policy successively,so as to ensure the income of cotton farmers and avoid conflict with the WTO rules.At present,Chinaundefineds cotton subsidy policy also coincides with the overall adjustment and reform.Based on this,the cotton subsidy policy of the two countries was analyzed and compared.The results showed that the cotton subsidy policy of the United States had a clear“green box”characteristic after the defeat of Brazil,and the commodity plan and the agricultural risk guarantee plan together constituted the“income safety net”.Chinaundefineds cotton subsidy policy was still characterized by“yellow box”,which was still insufficient in ensuring the increase of cotton farmersundefined income and in keeping with the WTO rules.Through the comparative analysis of the cotton subsidy policy of the two countries,it would provide experience to improve Chinaundefineds cotton subsidy policy.

关 键 词：棉花 补贴政策 商品计划 风险保障 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] F326.12[经济管理—产业经济]