加拿大华裔成长小说探源和跨代性认同嬗变  

The Emergence of Chinese-Canadian Bildungsroman and the Evolution of Its Cross-Generational Identity

作　　者：赵庆庆[1] Zhao Qingqing

机构地区：[1]南京大学外语部

出　　处：《华文文学》2018年第6期110-125,共16页Literatures in Chinese

基　　金：教育部人文社科项目"加拿大华人文学史论:多元和整合";项目编号11YJC752041;2015年度中加政府联合授予的"中加学者交换项目"项目编号201405990177~~

摘　　要：加拿大华裔的英语成长小说,荣获主流文学奖,可溯至一百多年前欧亚裔作家伊迪斯·伊顿(笔名水仙花)的回忆录。而加拿大书写成长小说的华裔英语作家,可分三代,生动反映了作者和加拿大华人的跨代性认同嬗变。出生在20世纪三四十年代的弗雷德·华和崔维新,其成长期处在主流社会的排华阶段,故在成长时普遍排斥华裔身份,渴望"白化",要做"香蕉人"。出生在五六十年代的方曼俏和陈泽桓成长时,《排华法案》已废除,加拿大实施"分值制"移民政策,故较能接受华裔身份,在融入主流时相对顺畅。出生在七八十年代的胡功勤和刘绮芬在成长时,华裔已成为加拿大最大的少数族裔,更多融入主流,但华裔青少年出现了去族裔化的趋势,强调和族裔问题无甚关系的身心体验,使自己走向自适和成熟。Chinese-Canadian bildungsroman in English which has won major literary awards can be traced back to over a century ago to memoirs written by Edith Eaton, a Eurasian writer, under the pen name of Sui Sin Far, and the Chinese-Canadian bildungsroman writers in English can be divided into three generations, vividly reflecting the evolution of cross-generational identity experienced by themselves as well as by the Chinese-Canadians in general.As Fred Wah and Wayson Choy, born respectively in the 1930 s and 1940 s, grew up during the mainstream exclusion of the Chinese, they repelled the Chinese identity in preference to being whitened and turning into"bananas". Judy Fong Bates and Mary Chan, born respectively in the 1950 s and 1960 s, grew up after the Exclusion Act had been replaced by the nondiscriminatory score-based immigration policy in Canada. As a result, they would accept their Chinese identity and could merge into the mainstream more easily than the previous generations. When Terry Woo and Evelyn Lau, born respectively between the 1970 s and 1980 s, grew up, the Chinese-Canadians had become the largest ethnic minority in Canada. The young Chinese-Canadians, however, tend to detach themselves from the issue of ethnic identification but emphasize non-ethnic physical and spiritual experience in trying to achieve self-complacency and maturity.

关 键 词：加拿大华裔 成长小说 跨代 认同嬗变 去族裔化 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]