2017年安徽省血吸虫病疫情分析  

Endemic status of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province in 2017

作　　者：高风华[1] 张世清[1] 汪天平[1] 何家昶[1] 丁宋军[1] 许晓娟[1] 李婷婷[1] 代波[1] 刘婷 Gao Fenghua;Zhang Shiqing;Wang Tianping;He Jiachan;Ding Songjun;Xu Xiaojuan;Li Tingting;Dai Bo;Liu Ting(Anhui Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis Control,Hefei 230061,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所,合肥市230061

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2018年第3期125-129,152,187,共7页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

摘　　要：目的报告并分析2017年全省血吸虫病疫情状况与近年的变化趋势。方法对2004年以来,特别是2017年的全省血吸虫病疫情资料进行统计与分析。结果截至2017年底,全省共有9个市、50个县(市、区)流行血吸虫病,其中23个达到传播控制标准、17个达到传播阻断标准、10个达到消除标准。2017年,全省共血检179. 1万人,发现阳性18 836人,共粪检17. 4万人,发现1例阳性,为输入性病例;全省现有病人数为6 398人,其中推算慢性病人767例、晚期血吸虫病5 631例和急性血吸虫病0例,人群平均感染率为0. 09%;全省流行村牛存栏26 127头,共血检836头,粪检15 667头,未发现病牛。全省共调查钉螺83 031. 8 hm^2,查出钉螺面积21 397. 0 hm^2,其中新发现钉螺161. 8 hm^2、复现钉螺67. 7 hm^2,未发现感染性钉螺;新查出1个有螺无病的流行村;累计药物灭螺面积10 766. 0 hm^2,消灭钉螺面积239. 9 hm^2,年底尚有钉螺面积26 521. 0 hm^2。2017年,全省51个国家级血吸虫病监测点病情监测未发现病人、病畜,钉螺监测显示有螺框出现率11. 0%,活螺平均密度0. 39只/0. 11 m^2,未发现感染性钉螺。2004～2017年,全省人群和牛的平均感染率均呈现明显的下降趋势,并分别下降了89. 2%和100%,有螺面积在2. 65～3. 10亿m^2间徘徊波动并有小幅下降,已连续5年未发现急性血吸虫病例和感染性钉螺。结论全省血吸虫病疫情进一步下降,局部地区仍然存在血吸虫病传播风险。为达到血吸虫病传播阻断乃至消除血吸虫病的目标,仍需要加大防治及监测工作的力度。Objective To analyze the endemic status of schistosomiasis in 2017and epidemiological trend of schistosomiasis in the past years in Anhui Province.Methods The data on schistosomiasis prevention and control in Anhui Province were collected and analyzed from 2004 to 2017.Results By the end of 2017,transmission control was achieved in 23 areas,transmission interruption in 17,and elimination in 10 of the 50 counties(cities,districts)with endemic Schistomiasis japonica distributed in 9 cities in Anhui.Positive results were found in 18 836 of the 1.791 million people undergone blood screen,and only one positive finding associated with imported case was seen in 0.0174 million people subjected to stool sample test in 2017.A total of 6 398 patients were registered in Anhui,among whom 767 were chronic schistosomiasis,5 631 were advanced infection.No acute infection was reported.Mean infection rate was 0.09%for population.Either blood or stool test performed in 836 and 15 667 cattle of 26 127 raised in endemic areas indicated no positive infection.General survey covered an area of 83 031.8 hm 2 throughout Anhui,snails were found in 21 397.0 hm 2,where 161.8 hm 2 of areas were new emergence of snails,and 67.7 hm 2 were recurrence of snails.No infected snails were found,yet one village was indentified with new snail endemic free of population or livestock infection.Molluscicide was applied to a total of 10 766.0 hm 2,where eradication was achieved in an area of 239.9 hm 2.Oncomelania hupensis still existed in an area of 26 521.0 hm 2 by the end of 2017.The data showed no population or livestock infection in 2017 in the 51 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites.The incidence rate of snails was 11%,and average density was 0.39/0.11 m 2 by frame survey.No snail infection was detected.Mean infection rate tended to decline in population and cattle from 2004 to 2017,decreased by 89.2%and 100%,respectively.The area with snail distribution was fluctuated between 0.265 billion m 2and 0.310 billion m 2.No infected snails and acute

关 键 词：血吸虫病 疫情 安徽省 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]