亚热带森林土壤磷有效性及其影响因素的研究进展  

Research progress on soil phosphorus availability and its influential factors in subtropical forests

作　　者：方晰[1,2] 陈金磊 王留芳 李胜蓝[1] 项文化[1,2] 雷丕锋[1,2] FANG Xi;CHEN Jinlei;WANG Liufang;LI Shenglan;XIANG Wenhua;LEI Pifeng(College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry & Technology,Changsha 410004, Hunan, China;National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry & Technology,Changsha 410004, Hunan, China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2018年第12期1-12,共12页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201504411);国家林业局林业软科学研究项目(2014-R11)

摘　　要：磷(P)是植物生长发育过程中必需的营养元素之一。有效提高森林土壤P的生物有效性,高效利用土壤中潜在的P资源,从根本上解决土壤"缺P"的难题,对解决中国亚热带森林可持续经营和生态恢复所面临的经济、环境和资源问题具有重要的意义。结合国内外的研究成果,综述了P在土壤—植物系统中循环、转化过程,土壤P有效性研究与土壤P分级的关系,亚热带森林土壤P有效性的研究现状及其影响因素的复杂性。研究表明,P在土壤—植物系统中的循环转化过程是由土壤物理、化学、生物学性质以及植物自身的遗传特性共同控制的;土壤P化学分级不仅是研究陆地生态系统P循环的核心,也是研究土壤P有效性的关键;亚热带森林土壤P形态特征及其与土壤P有效性的关系目前还没有明确和统一,林龄对林地土壤P含量的影响还存在较大的不确定性,土壤P有效性随着森林演替的变化趋势仍存在不一致性。最后针对当前的研究现状,提出了森林土壤P有效性的形成转化机理及其影响机制,寻找有效提高森林土壤P有效性的途径;随着森林演替进程和全球变化,土壤P的限制性是否更为加剧,以及同位素示踪法和31P-NMR波谱技术的应用等不仅是亚热带森林土壤P有效性研究面临的一些问题,也是今后研究的热点。Phosphorus is an indispensable nutrient element in the process of plant growth and metabolism.How to effectively improvethe soil phosphorus bioavailability in forests,utilize the potential phosphorus resources in soil and fundamentally solve the difficultproblem of soil phosphorus deficiency are of great significance for solving the economic,environmental and resource problems facedby China's subtropical forest sustainable management and ecological restoration.In this paper,the process of phosphorus circulationand transformation in the soil-plant system,the relationship between the research of soil phosphorus availability and soil phosphorusclassification,and the research status of phosphorus availability in subtropical forests soil and its influencing factors are reviewed inthe light of the existing research results at home and abroad.Studies have shown that the cyclic transformation of phosphorus in soilplantsystems is controlled by soil physics,chemistry,biological processes,and the genetic characteristics of plants;Soil P chemicalclassification is not only the core of studying P cycle of terrestrial ecosystem,but also the key to study the efficiency of soil P;Themorphological characteristics of soil P and its relationship with soil P efficiency are still unclear and unified in subtropical forests;Theinfluence of forest age on P concentrations of forest soils is still uncertain;The change trend of soil P efficiency with forest succession isstill inconsistent.Finally,in view of the current research status,we have put forword that the formation and transformation mechanismof P availability in forest soils and its influence mechanism,finding ways to effectively improve the P effectiveness in forest soil,soil P ismore restrictive with forest succession and global change,and application of Isotope Tracer method and31P-NMR Spectrum technologyare some problems faced by the research of phosphorus availability in subtropical forest soils and the hot spots in the future.

关 键 词：森林土壤磷有效性 磷分级 研究进展 亚热带 

分 类 号：S714.8[农业科学—林学] S153.6