不同健康教育模式对上海某社区居民肾脏疾病认知与行为的影响  

Effects of different kidney health-related education methods on kidney diseases awareness and health behavior:questionnaire-based cross-sectional study among community residents in Shanghai

作　　者：薛宁 汪小燕 丁小强 杨璎 方艺 宁燕[6] XUE Ning;WANG Xiao-yan;DING Xiao-qiang;YANG Ying;FANG Yi;NING Yan(Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai 200032, China;Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai 200032, China;Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai 200032, China;Fenglin Community Health Service Center, Shanghai 200030, China;Shanghai Medical Association, Shanghai 200040, China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属中山医院肾内科,上海200032 [2]上海市肾脏疾病临床医学中心,上海200032 [3]上海市肾病与透析研究所,上海200032 [4]上海市肾脏疾病与血液净化重点实验室,上海200032 [5]枫林街道社区卫生服务中心,上海200030 [6]上海市医学会,上海200040

出　　处：《中国临床医学》2018年第6期967-971,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Medicine

基　　金：上海市卫生和计划生育委员会项目(201540113);上海市科学技术委员会项目(18411960800);上海市肾脏疾病临床医学中心课题(2017ZZ01015)~~

摘　　要：目的:采用自行设计的肾脏健康问卷表,评估社区居民接受不同肾脏健康教育模式的效果,探讨适合上海社区居民的最佳肾脏健康教育方式。方法:入选60例受调查者,男性23例(38.3%),女性37例(61.7%),平均年龄(73.33±10.10)岁。将受调查者随机分为3组,每组20例。对照组仅予问卷调查,手册组予问卷调查和发放肾脏健康手册,讲座组予问卷调查和2次肾脏疾病科普讲座。3个月后,对3组受调查者重复问卷调查。结果:进行问卷调查后,居民对肾脏病的关注率升高(22.0%vs 6.8%,P<0.05);手册组和讲座组受调查者对肾脏病的关注率分别为31.6%、30.0%,均高于对照组(5.0%,P<0.05);仅讲座组受调查者自愿行尿液检查率升高(95.0%vs 45.0%,P<0.05)。结论:开展社区肾脏健康知识讲座能增强社区居民防治肾脏病意识,减少肾脏病发生,延缓肾脏病进展。Objective:To evaluate the effects of different education methods on awareness of chronic kidney diseases(CKD),and to explore the appropriate health education method for community residents in Shanghai,using self-designed kidney health-related questionnaire.Methods:A total of60residents participated in this study,of whom38.3%were male(n=23),and61.7%were female(n=37).The mean age of participants was(73.33±10.10)years old.Participants were randomly divided into three groups with20cases in each group.The control group was only given a questionnaire survey,the handbook group was given questionnaire survey and a handbook of kidney health education,and the lecture group was given questionnaire survey and two sessions of CKD education lectures.Three months later,the questionnaire survey was repeated for the three groups.Results:Of the60participants,attention rate of kidney disease increased significantly after3months’intervention(22.0%vs6.8%,P<0.05).The attention rates of the handbook group(31.6%vs5.0%,P<0.05)and the lecture group(30.0%vs5.0%,P<0.05)were much higher than that in the control group.The proportion of voluntary urine test was only increased in the lecture group(95.0%vs45.0%,P<0.05).Conclusions:This study supports the necessity of conducting health-related education lectures in the community to strengthen the awareness of kidney disease,to decrease CKD incidence,and retard the progression of kidney diseases.

关 键 词：慢性疾病 慢性肾脏病 危险因素 社区健康教育 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]