基于地下盐穴储气库的高精度三维地震采集关键技术  

Key Technologies of High Precision 3D Seismic Acquisition for Underground Salt Cavern Gas Storage

作　　者：王瑞贞 陈敬国 张朝华 孙毅 张学银 樊军 魏张刚 侯君毅 Wang Ruizhen;Chen Jingguo;Zhang Chaohua;Sun Yi;Zhang Xueyin;Fan Jun;Wei Zhanggang;Hou Junyi(Huabei Geophysical Department, BGP Inc. of CNPC, Cangzhou, Hebei 062552, China;No.2 Mud logging Company, BHDC of CNPC, Cangzhou, Hebei 062552, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团东方地球物理公司华北物探处,河北沧州062552 [2]中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司第二录井分公司,河北沧州062552

出　　处：《非常规油气》2018年第6期8-15,共8页Unconventional Oil & Gas

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技项目"华北油田持续有效稳产勘探开发关键技术研究与应用"(2017E-15)资助

摘　　要：为了给盐穴储气库建设提供高精度的三维地震资料,以YY盐穴储气库三维地震勘探为例,对影响地震资料信噪比和分辨率的采集关键参数面元、覆盖次数、接收线距和激发参数进行优化。结果显示,小面元、宽方位、高密度空间对称采样有利于提高地震波成像精度。较小的接收线距和滚动距有利于压制采集脚印,减小偏移噪声;小药量选岩性激发、小组合接收有利于拓展资料频宽。高覆盖次数有利于压制随机干扰,提高资料的信噪比。城区及含有危险源化工厂等"禁炮区"应采用多方位观测、井震混源激发的特观技术。该技术可识别出断距小于10m的断层,达到盐穴储气库的地质精度要求。In order to provide high-precision 3D seismic data for the construction of salt cave gas storage,taking 3-D seismic exploration of YY salt cavern gas storage as an example,the key parameters affecting signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of seismic data acquisition,such as bins,folds,receiving line interval and excitation parameters,were optimized.The results showed that small bins,wide azimuth and high density spatial symmetrical sampling can improve the imaging accuracy of seismic waves.The smaller receiving line interval and rolling interval are helpful to suppress the footprints of acquisition and reduce the noise.The smaller charge and preferred lithological excitation,and the smaller array length are helpful to expand the data bandwidth.High folds are favorable for suppressing random noise and improving signal-to-noise ratio.The special technique of multi-directional observation and explosition-vibroseis mixed source excitation should be adopted in the“forbidden shot areas”of the urban area and containing dangerous chemical plants.The technology can identify the fault with less than 10 m spacing and meet the geological accuracy requirement of salt cavern gas storage.

关 键 词：盐穴储气库 观测系统 高精度 三维地震采集 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]