电力行业水-能耦合关系研究综述  

Review of the studies on the water-energy nexus of the electricity sector

作　　者：王春艳[1] 田磊[2] 俞敏 刘毅[1] WANG Chun-yan;TIAN Lei;YU Min;LIU Yi(School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Energy Research Institute,National Development and Reform Commission,Beijing 100038,China;Institute for Resources and Environmental Policies,Development Research Center of the State council,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [2]国家发展和改革委员会能源所,北京100038 [3]国务院发展研究中心资源与环境政策研究所,北京100010

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2018年第12期4742-4748,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71774096);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0404602)

摘　　要：电力行业消耗了全球约8%的水资源,电力生产与输配过程中消耗的能源与水资源之间的相关关系被定义为电力行业水-能耦合关系.本文从电力行业水耗和节水潜力研究、电力生产与水资源空间分布匹配研究、电力行业水-能耦合关系与其他环境问题的关系研究三个角度对国际上相关文献的研究内容、研究方法和主要结论进行梳理.研究结果表明:冷却技术选择对电力行业的水-能耦合关系影响较大,电力生产的需水量与各地水资源禀赋在空间上不匹配,电力行业水-能耦合系统管理体系尚未建立且面临迫切的实际需求.The electricity generation consumes around8%of global water use.The water use for the electricity generation and transmission is defined as“the water for energy”or“the water-energy nexus of the electricity sector”.This study went through the literatures that are relevant to this topic from the following aspects:the quantification of the water consumption and withdrawal by various electricity generation types;the analysis of the mismatch between electricity generation/transmission and water resources;and other related environmental issues.This study concluded that:the cooling technologies would have significant influence on the water consumption and withdrawal for the electricity generation;there are tremendous spatial disparities of local water resources and electricity generation;comprehensive management of the water and energy is still lacking and urgently needed.

关 键 词：电力生产 水-能耦合关系 水耗预测 环境问题 综合管理 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]