含氮量、温度、有机溶剂对硝化纤维素溶液特性黏度的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Content,Temperature and Organic Solvent on Intrinsic Viscosity of Nitrocellulose

作　　者：黄小锐[1] 罗庆平[1] 李兆乾[1] 祁栋梁 朱娟 HUANG Xiaorui;LUO Qingping;LI Zhaoqian;QI Dongliang;ZHU Juan(State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials,Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China;Luzhou North Chemical Industries Co. , Ltd. , Luzhou 646003, Sichuan, China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学四川省非金属复合与功能材料重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,四川绵阳621010 [2]泸州北方化学工业有限公司,四川泸州646003

出　　处：《西南科技大学学报》2018年第4期31-36,共6页Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology

基　　金：西南科技大学博士基金资助(16ZX7102)

摘　　要：通过乌氏黏度计测试了硝化纤维素溶液的特性黏度,以凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对硝化纤维素的分子量及分子量分布进行了表征,研究了含氮量、溶液温度、有机溶剂对硝化纤维素溶液特性黏度的影响。结果表明:随着硝化纤维素的含氮量上升,其特性黏度逐渐增大,但当其含氮量继续上升到一定值时,其特性黏度反而减小;硝化纤维素的含氮量对其特性黏度的影响实际上体现在其分子量对特性黏度的影响上,硝化纤维素的特性黏度与其分子量具有一定的依赖性关系,其特性黏度随硝化纤维素分子量的增加而增大;温度越高,硝化纤维素的特性黏度越小;溶剂极性越小,其特性黏度越大。当硝化纤维素溶解于DMF溶剂中时,其分子链具有一定的刚性。The intrinsic viscosity of the nitrocellulose solution was measured by the Ubbelohde capillary viscometer and the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of nitrocellulose was studied by the GPC-MALLS analysis.The effects of nitrogen content,temperature and organic solvent on the nitrocelluloses intrinsic viscosity were discussed in detail.The results show that the intrinsic viscosity of nitrocellulose gradually increases as its nitrogen content increases,however,its intrinsic viscosity decreases when the nitrogen content continues to rise to a certain value;The effect of nitrogen content on nitrocellulose's intrinsic viscosity is actually reflected by influence of molecular weight on its intrinsic viscosity.Its intrinsic viscosity has a certain dependence on its molecular weight,and increases as its molecular weight increases;The higher the temperature is,the smaller the intrinsic viscosity of nitrocellulose is;The smaller the polarity of solvent,the greater the viscosity of nitrocellulose.The molecular chain of nitrocellulose has a certain rigidity when it was dissolved in DMF.

关 键 词：硝化纤维素 特性黏度 分子量 溶剂 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工]