宏基因组学在哺乳动物肠道微生物中的应用  

Application of Metagenomics in Mammals Gut Microbiome

作　　者：何静[1] 海勒 斯仁达来 明亮[1] 伊丽[1] 吉日木图[1,2] HE Jing;HAI Le;Sirendalai;MING Liang;YI Li;Jirimutu(Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering,Ministry of Education ,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018 ,China;Camel Protection Association of Inner Mongolia ,Alaxa 737300 ,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,乳品生物技术与工程教育部重点实验室,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古骆驼研究院,阿拉善737300

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2018年第12期3438-3446,共9页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国际科技合作项目(ky201401002);国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD29B06);内蒙古重大专项.

摘　　要：哺乳动物的肠道内栖息着庞大复杂的微生物群体,其微生物群体与宿主的消化吸收、物质的营养代谢和免疫功能密切相关,是影响机体健康的重要因素之一。随着分子生物学技术在肠道微生物领域的应用,特别是新一代测序技术的快速发展,使得人们对复杂的肠道微生物的研究更加深入。基于宏基因组学技术不仅能够研究肠道微生物组的多样性、揭示消化道微生物对宿主生理代谢的影响,还能进一步深入挖掘新的功能基因,并揭示宿主基因与微生物组间的互作关系和共同进化。作者综述了宏基因组学技术在哺乳动物肠道微生物中的主要应用和存在的不足,并展望了其在肠道微生物研究中的广阔应用前景,从而加深人们对肠道微生物影响宿主肠道健康作用的认识。There are a large number of microorganisms that inhabit in the gut of mammals animal.The gut microbiome are closely related to host digestion,absorption and immunization.The metagenomics of intestinal microbiota has received significant attention from researchers.With the application of molecular biologic technology in the field of the intestinal microbiome,especially metagenomic sequencing of the next-generation sequencing technology,progress has been made in the study of the intestinal microbiome.Metagenomics can be used to study intestinal microbiome diversity and its relationship to health and disease.Moreover,functional metagenomics can identify novel functional genes,and determine interactions and co-evolution between microbiota and host.This review will introduce the recent advances and successful application in mammalian gastrointestinal microbes and the limitations of metagenomics,and the prospects of their application in the researches of gut microbiota were discussed,so as to further understanding the importance of intestinal microbiota in intestinal function of mammals.

关 键 词：宏基因组学 肠道微生物 哺乳动物 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]